Opracowanie tkanin dystansowych bazujących na drutach stalowych i niedoprzędzie węglowym

Woven spacer fabrics are used as reinforcing materials for fiber-reinforced plastics. These fabrics consist of mostly pliable textile fibers, which still require defined rigidity for different crash applications. In this regard, multi-material woven spacer fabrics present a promising approach. This paper presents the development of multi-material woven spacer fabrics using steel wire and carbon rovings. For the development of such woven spacer fabrics, a systematic structure realization based on the weave pattern was performed. Selected structures were produced on a modified weaving machine.Tkaniny dystansowe są stosowane jako wzmocnienie kompozytów polimerowych. Tkaniny te składają się głównie giętkich włókien tekstylnych, które wymagają określonej sztywności dla zastosowania przy różnych naprężeniach udarowych. W pracy wytworzono tkaniny dystansowe zawierające druty stalowe i niedoprzęd węglowy. Przygotowano system odpowiednich struktur realizowanych na zmodyfikowanej maszynie tkackiej

Symulacja układalności kompozytowych półproduktów tekstylnych o gradientowej charakterystyce ze zmiennym splotem tkanin

The design of 3D component parts made of fiber-reinforced composites for load bearing applications demands a load oriented fiber alignement. During the draping of the textile an undefined displacement of fibers up to wrinkle formation occurs. One possibility to influence fiber orientation during draping is the utilisation of the characteristics of different fabric weaves. By combining different weaves in a textile reinforcing fabric adjusted to the component part, gradient-drapability can be developed. This means that local zones with a high structural stability and zones with high drapability can be created in a textile semi-finished product. The design of these zones is done by simulation to produce a fabric structure suitable for the component part. For that purpose, material models for draping simulation developed at the Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology (ITM) are being improved. The material behaviour of each type of fabric weave is analysed and transformed to the simulation model. With the simulations performed the influence of the combination of different weave types on the shear behaviour of fabrics can be demonstrated.Projektowanie trójwymiarowych kompozytów wzmocnionych tkaninami wymaga takiego ułożenia tkanin aby siły działały zgodnie z kierunkiem nitek tkaniny. W trakcie układania tkanin trudno jest uniknąć jej pofałdowania. Jednym ze sposobów rozwiązania tego zagadnienia jest odpowiednie zaprojektowanie ułożenia tkanin o różnych splotach tkackich. Poprzez dobranie odpowiednich splotów w tkaninach wzmacniających kompozyt można rozwiązać zagadnienie gradientowej układalności. Oznacza to, że można utworzyć strefy o wysokiej stabilności strukturalnej oraz dobrej układalności w tkaninie wzmacniającej kompozyt. Zaprojektowanie tych stref uzyskuje się poprzez odpowiednią symulację stref przejściowych. Odpowiednia procedura postępowania została opracowana przez autorów i zaproponowana do stosowania

Impacts of Security Improvements on Service Quality in Maritime Transport: An Empirical Study of Vietnam

In recent years, maritime security has become a major concern on the international maritime agenda. If security measures and initiatives are not carefully designed and effectively implemented, they can negatively impact the whole maritime transport chain. Security improvements resulting from maritime security requirements may also bring about some benefits to service quality and business performance for the organisation. However, there are limited studies conducted on these aspects. In this paper, we aim to address these gaps by devising a framework of projected impacts of security on service quality in maritime transport and conducting an empirical study to verify the projections. The study was conducted in Vietnam with a group of shipping, port and freight forwarding companies, using the triangulation of both mail survey and in-depth interview techniques. It was evident from this study that all projected relationships between security improvements and service quality are supported by both survey respondents and interviewees. Statistical analysis reveals that, among 13 projected relationships, respondents indicate clear consensus on seven projections, in which security improvements can enhance service quality in terms of increased reliability of service, social responsibility awareness, increased efficiency in operations and management, as well as enhanced image in the market. For the remaining projections, agreement was not clearly shown. This was also reflected in interviews, in which respondents emphasised that the most notable benefits brought about by security improvements are in terms of increased reliability of service performance, increased awareness and better image, thus positively affecting customers’ perception of the organisation's service quality. However, these positive impacts are only realised should service providers in maritime transport employ effective security management strategies. Maritime Economics & Logistics (2007) 9, 335–356. doi:10.1057/palgrave.mel.9100188

Down-stream regions of the POZ-domain influence the interaction of the t(11;17)-associated PLZF/RARalpha fusion protein with the histone-deacetylase recruiting co-repressor complex.

INTRODUCTION: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients with t(15;17)(PML/RARalpha positive) achieve remission upon t-RA treatment, whereas patients with t(11;17)(PLZF/RARalpha positive) do not. Both APL translocation products bind to the histone deacetylase (HD)-recruiting nuclear co-repressor complex (HD-NCR) in a ligand-dependent manner through their RARalpha portion. Differently to PML/RARalpha, PLZF/RARalpha also binds the HD-NCR in a ligand-independent manner through the PLZF portion of the fusion protein (PLZF#), which seems to be crucial for the t-RA resistance of t(11;17) APL patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The t-RA sensitivity of U937 cells was tested by the nitro-blue tetrazolium reduction (NBT) assay and by analysis of t-RA-induced type II transglutaminase activity. The interaction between HD-NCR and PLZF/RARalpha was investigated by in vitro binding assays. RESULTS: (i) Deletions in PLZF# convert PLZF/RARalpha from a repressor to an activator of t-RA response in U937 cells; (ii) the effect of PLZF/RARalpha on t-RA-signaling is regulated by the POZ-domain and its down-stream regions of PLZF#; (iii) there are additional binding sites for HD-NCR in PLZF# and (iv) PLZF# not only directly binds but also regulates the binding of PLZF/RARalpha to the HD-NCR. CONCLUSIONS: At least two different mechanisms responsible for the aberrant recruitment of HD-NCR complexes by PLZF# are regulating the different t-RA-sensitivity of the PLZF/RARalpha and PML/RARalpha positive APL blasts: one is related to the direct binding of the different members of the HD-NCR complex to PLZF#; the other is an enforcing effect of PLZF# on the affinity of the PLZF/RARalpha fusion protein to the HD-NCR comple