Produção de Alimentos em Goiás: impasses entre commodities, agricultura de base camponesa e a globalização dos hábitos alimentares

O presente artigo busca compreender a produção de alimentos em Goiás, tendo como referência os impasses entre a produção de commodities e a produção de base camponesa, bem como os efeitos atuais do processo de globalização dos hábitos alimentares. Objetiva-se também refletir e traçar um panorama sobre o processo de globalização, a construção de novos hábitos alimentares e problemas sociais complexos como a obesidade da população. A metodologia da pesquisa envolveu pesquisa documental em bases de dados secundários, revisão bibliográfica, análise pautada em reflexões e bibliografias críticas, bem como apresentação de gráficos e tabelas com síntese dos dados em diferentes fontes. A junção de dados sobre alimentação, saúde e economia sugere correlações e possibilidades de refletir a complexidade e consequências das recentes mudanças de hábitos alimentares impulsionadas pela globalização; que carrega efeitos não somente na economia, mas também na saúde e na necessidade de repensar caminhos a partir de um consumo cultural de alimentos. Enquanto resultados do artigo, nota-se que, apesar dos investimentos em agricultura terem aumentado exponencialmente em Goiás, esse recurso está voltado majoritariamente para os complexos grãos, carne e biocombustíveis, ou seja, para o mercado agroexportador. Para a produção de hortifrútis, a maior produção está na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia ou nas proximidades de médias e grandes cidades como Anápolis e Entorno do Distrito Federal. Observou-se então, que o estado de Goiás ainda está muito distante da construção de um sistema alimentar alternativo ao modelo hegemônico. A globalização tem cada vez mais difundido o fast food e as corporações alimentares ampliam a produção de industrializados e ultraprocessados, o que consequentemente eleva os índices de obesidade e outros problemas de saúde, bem como distância cada vez mais a construção coletiva da soberania alimentar.Cet article analyse la production alimentaire à Goiás, en considérant les impasses entre la production marchande et la production alimentaire paysanne, ainsi que les effets actuels du processus de mondialisation des habitudes alimentaires. Il vise également à réfléchir et à donner un aperçu du processus de mondialisation, de la construction de nouvelles habitudes alimentaires et de problèmes sociaux complexes tels que l'obésité de la population. La méthodologie de recherche impliquait la recherche documentaire dans des bases de données secondaires, une revue bibliographique, une analyse basée sur des réflexions et des bibliographies critiques, ainsi que la présentation de graphiques et de tableaux avec synthèse de données provenant de différentes sources. La combinaison de données sur l'alimentation, la santé et l'économie suggère des corrélations et des possibilités de refléter la complexité et les conséquences des changements récents dans les habitudes alimentaires entraînés par la mondialisation; qui a des impacts non seulement sur l'économie mais aussi sur la santé et la nécessité de repenser les voies basées sur une consommation culturelle de nourriture. Comme résultat de l'article, il est noté que, bien que les investissements dans l'agriculture aient augmenté de façon exponentielle à Goiás, cette ressource se concentre principalement sur les céréales complexes, la viande et les biocarburants, c'est-à-dire sur le marché de l'agro-exportation. Pour la production de fruits et légumes, la production la plus importante se situe dans la région métropolitaine de Goiânia ou à proximité de villes moyennes et grandes comme Anápolis et Brasilia. Il a ensuite été observé que l'État de Goiás est encore loin de la construction d'un système alimentaire alternatif au modèle hégémonique. La mondialisation s'est de plus en plus répandue et les entreprises de restauration rapide augmentent la production d'aliments industrialisés et ultra transformés, ce qui augmente par conséquent les taux d'obésité et d'autres problèmes de santé, et éloigne de plus en plus la construction collective de la souveraineté alimentaire.This article analyzes food production in Goiás, considering the impasses between the production of commodities and the production of peasant-based food, as well as the current effects of the globalization process of eating habits. It also aims to reflect and outline an overview of the globalization process, the construction of new eating habits and complex social problems such as the population's obesity. The research methodology involved documentary research in secondary databases, bibliographic review, analysis based on reflections and critical bibliographies, as well as presentation of graphs and tables with synthesis of data from different sources. The combination of data on food, health and economics suggests correlations and possibilities to reflect the complexity and consequences of recent changes in eating habits driven by globalization; which has an impact not only on the economy but also on health and points to the need to rethink paths based on a cultural consumption of food. As results of the article, it should be noted that, although investments in agriculture have increased exponentially in Goiás, this resource is mainly focused on the complex grains, meat and biofuels, that is, on the agro-export market. For fruit and vegetable production, the largest production is in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia or in the vicinity of medium and large cities such as Anápolis and around Brasília. It was noted that the state of Goiás is still a long way from building an alternative food system to the hegemonic model. Globalization has increasingly expanded fast food and food corporations are expanding the production of industrialized and ultra-processed foods, which consequently raises the rates of obesity and other health problems, as well as increasingly distancing the collective construction of food sovereignty

Produção de Alimentos em Goiás: impasses entre commodities, agricultura de base camponesa e a globalização dos hábitos alimentares

This article analyzes food production in Goiás, considering the impasses between the production of commodities and the production of peasant-based food, as well as the current effects of the globalization process of eating habits. It also aims to reflect and outline an overview of the globalization process, the construction of new eating habits and complex social problems such as the population's obesity. The research methodology involved documentary research in secondary databases, bibliographic review, analysis based on reflections and critical bibliographies, as well as presentation of graphs and tables with synthesis of data from different sources. The combination of data on food, health and economics suggests correlations and possibilities to reflect the complexity and consequences of recent changes in eating habits driven by globalization; which has an impact not only on the economy but also on health and points to the need to rethink paths based on a cultural consumption of food. As results of the article, it should be noted that, although investments in agriculture have increased exponentially in Goiás, this resource is mainly focused on the complex grains, meat and biofuels, that is, on the agro-export market. For fruit and vegetable production, the largest production is in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia or in the vicinity of medium and large cities such as Anápolis and around Brasília. It was noted that the state of Goiás is still a long way from building an alternative food system to the hegemonic model. Globalization has increasingly expanded fast food and food corporations are expanding the production of industrialized and ultra-processed foods, which consequently raises the rates of obesity and other health problems, as well as increasingly distancing the collective construction of food sovereignty