Performance Analysis of Systems with Coupled and Decoupled RISs

We analyze and compare different methods for handling the mutual coupling in RIS-aided communication systems. A new mutual coupling aware algorithm is derived where the reactance of each element is updated successively with a closed-form solution. In comparison to existing element-wise methods, this approach leads to a considerably reduced computational complexity. Furthermore, we introduce decoupling networks for the RIS array as a potential solution for handling mutual coupling. With these networks, the system model reduces to the same structure as when no mutual coupling were present. Including decoupling networks, we can optimize the channel gain of a RIS-aided SISO system in closed-form which allows to analyze the scenario under mutual coupling analytically and to draw connections to the conventional transmit array gain. In particular, a super-quadratic channel gain can be achieved which scales as N^4 where N is the number of RIS elements

Dynamics in Liver Stiffness Measurements Predict Outcomes in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease

Background &amp; Aims:Liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) provide an opportunity to monitor liver disease progression and regression noninvasively. We aimed to determine the prognostic relevance of LSM dynamics over time for liver-related events and death in patients with chronic liver disease. Methods:Patients with chronic liver disease undergoing 2 or more reliable LSMs at least 180 days apart were included in this retrospective cohort study and stratified at baseline (BL) as nonadvanced chronic liver disease (non-ACLD, BL-LSM &lt; 10 kPa), compensated ACLD (cACLD; BL-LSM ≥ 10 kPa), and decompensated ACLD. Data on all consecutive LSMs and clinical outcomes were collected. Results: There were 2508 patients with 8561 reliable LSMs (3 per patient; interquartile range, 2–4) included: 1647 (65.7%) with non-ACLD, 757 (30.2%) with cACLD, and 104 (4.1%) with decompensated ACLD. Seven non-ACLD patients (0.4%) and 83 patients with cACLD (10.9%) developed hepatic decompensation (median follow-up, 71 months). A 20% increase in LSM at any time was associated with an approximately 50% increased risk of hepatic decompensation (hazard ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.41–1.79; P &lt;.001) and liver-related death (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.28–1.68; P &lt;.001) in patients with cACLD. LSM dynamics yielded a high accuracy to predict hepatic decompensation in the following 12 months (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve = 0.933). The performance of LSM dynamics was numerically better than dynamics in Fibrosis-4 score (0.873), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (0.835), and single time-point LSM (BL-LSM: 0.846; second LSM: 0.880). Any LSM decrease to &lt;20 kPa identified patients with cACLD with a substantially lower risk of hepatic decompensation (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.07–0.24). If reliable, LSM also confers prognostic information in decompensated ACLD. Conclusions: Repeating LSM enables an individual and updated risk assessment for decompensation and liver-related mortality in ACLD.</p

Adolf Schmitt-Weigand. — Rechtspflegedelikte in der fränkischen Zeit. Münsterische Beiträge zur Rechts-und Staatswissenschaft.

Semmler Josef. Adolf Schmitt-Weigand. — Rechtspflegedelikte in der fränkischen Zeit. Münsterische Beiträge zur Rechts-und Staatswissenschaft.. In: Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 6e année (n°21), Janvier-mars 1963. pp. 72-74

Il monachesimo e la riforma ecclesiastica (1049-1122). Atti della quarta Settimana intern. di studio, Mendola, 23-29 agosto 1968

Semmler Josef. Il monachesimo e la riforma ecclesiastica (1049-1122). Atti della quarta Settimana intern. di studio, Mendola, 23-29 agosto 1968. In: Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 15e année (n°60), Octobre-décembre 1972. pp. 329-334

Harold Willjung, ed. Das Konzil van Aachen 809.

Semmler Josef. Harold Willjung, ed. Das Konzil van Aachen 809.. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 78, fasc. 2, 2000. Histoire medievale. moderne: et contemporaine - Middeleeuwse, modhrnf en hedendaagse geschiedenis. pp. 570-573

Harold Willjung, ed. Das Konzil van Aachen 809.

Semmler Josef. Harold Willjung, ed. Das Konzil van Aachen 809.. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 78, fasc. 2, 2000. Histoire medievale. moderne: et contemporaine - Middeleeuwse, modhrnf en hedendaagse geschiedenis. pp. 570-573

H.E.J. Cowdrey. — The Cluniacs and the Gregorian Reform

Semmler Josef. H.E.J. Cowdrey. — The Cluniacs and the Gregorian Reform. In: Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 16e année (n°62), Avril-juin 1973. pp. 158-161

Mechthild Gretsch. The intellectual Foundation of the English Benedictine Reform

Semmler Josef. Mechthild Gretsch. The intellectual Foundation of the English Benedictine Reform. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 78, fasc. 2, 2000. Histoire medievale. moderne: et contemporaine - Middeleeuwse, modhrnf en hedendaagse geschiedenis. pp. 573-576

Adolf Schmitt-Weigand. — Rechtspflegedelikte in der fränkischen Zeit. Münsterische Beiträge zur Rechts-und Staatswissenschaft.

Semmler Josef. Adolf Schmitt-Weigand. — Rechtspflegedelikte in der fränkischen Zeit. Münsterische Beiträge zur Rechts-und Staatswissenschaft.. In: Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 6e année (n°21), Janvier-mars 1963. pp. 72-74

H.E.J. Cowdrey. — The Cluniacs and the Gregorian Reform

Semmler Josef. H.E.J. Cowdrey. — The Cluniacs and the Gregorian Reform. In: Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 16e année (n°62), Avril-juin 1973. pp. 158-161