Vaspin in Developing Obesity (Vande-Ob); the Correlation of Waist Circumference and Visceral Fat Percentage with Vaspin Levels in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Vaspin concentration was thought to be associated with obesity, impaired insulin sensitivity, and fitness level. The correlation of vaspin and leptin supports the theory of vaspin associated with body fat mass. AIM: To determine the correlation between visceral fat distributions and serum vaspin level in type II DM patients. METHODS: We conduct an observational, analytical cross-sectional study. Sixty subjects with type II diabetes mellitus who came to Diabetes Center of Sanglah General Hospital were included consecutively. Each subject has to sign an informed consent before physical and laboratory examination took place. Spearman correlation test was used to analyse the correlation between waist circumference and visceral fat percentage with serum vaspin level since the data were not distributed normally. RESULTS: Mean laboratory results in all subjects of vaspin levels was 2.389 ± 3.586 ng/ml, mean waist circumference was 94.95 ± 11.78 cm and mean visceral fat percentage was 18.05 ± 23.63%. We found we found no significant correlation between between vaspin with waist circumference (r = -0.044; p = 0.738) and visceral fat percentage (r = -0.103; p = 0.435). CONCLUSIONS: The vaspin level did not significantly correlate with waist circumference and visceral fat percentage in type II diabetes patients

Association between Hyperglycemic Crisis with Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Diabetes: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Hyperglycemic crisis caused by an increase of insulin requirement and one of the predisposing factors are cardiovascular disease; this condition can induce an increasing cytokine which also acts as a coronary heart disease marker. The latest study remains unclear about the association with cardiovascular outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between hyperglycemic crisis and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Materials and methods: This study is an analytical study with cohort retrospective design conducted at Sanglah General Hospital from February until April 2019. The data was taken using the total sampling method; 126 samples were collected from the medical record with 43 samples hyperglycemic crisis as a case group and non-hyperglycemic crisis as a control group with 83 samples according to inclusion and exclusion criteria — the analysis using univariate and bivariate survival analysis. The primary outcome was the risk ratio. Results: The median age in this study was 45.69 years old (SD 2.53) for the case group and control 55.73 ± 1.21 years old. The gender ratio between males and females in both groups is 1:1–2; the mean of HbA1c in the case group is higher than the control group, 12.06 ± 3.06 vs. 7.9 (5.1–14.8) %. Relative risk analysis between hyperglycemic crisis and MACE is obtained RR 5.576 with 95% CI: 2.87–10.8 and p-value = 0.000 with potential confounding variable are not associated.  Conclusions: There is a significant association between hyperglycemic crisis and MACE statistically