Menstruation and Menstrual Disorder: A Review

Periodic bleeding is the visible manifestation of ovarian cycling. An average woman in developed countries can expect to experience more than 400 menstrual cycles during her reproductive lifetime. It is important to have a thorough understanding of the endometrial pathways that regulate implantation and menstrual cycles. Menstrual cycles usually last around 28 days, although they can vary from person to person. Menarche depend on the nutrition and heredity. Menstrual cycle irregularities may also be linked to endocrine instability, low body weight, intense exercise, and psychological stress. Among adolescent girls, dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic conditions. It is defined as pain in the pelvis that is directly related to menstruation. Other symptoms include headache, back pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea

Concomitant boost irradiation with weekly low dose chemotherapy in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.

65% patients with head and neck tumors present with locally advanced disease. Concurrent chemo radiotherapy is a treatment program for locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck with established benefits in both organ preservation and survival. Concomitant Boost Irradiation with weekly low dose chemotherapy in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck cancer is better regimen with manageable toxicity with higher complete response

Sustainable Strategy: Analyzing the Role of CSR Communication of Select Companies to the Stakeholders

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how companies reach their stakeholders through their website for communicating their sustainable practices and also identify the effectiveness of website communication. Better communication of CSR policies and adopting technologies for implementation would make the company’s sustainability policy stronger (Gayathri S, J.V, 2019)   Theoretical Framework: This research paper deals with the concept ,as per signaling theory, which states that CSR communication through the corporate website (CSRccw) largely contributes to building corporate image (Hetze, K., & Winistörfer, H.,2016).From the list of top 100 CSR companies in India for the year 2020 listed in the futurescape webpage available online at:https://www.futurescape.in/responsible-business-rankings/indias-top-100-companies/,four companies have been chosen for the analysis. This is the research paper in the process; thus it was intended to study two sectors initially and in the future study other sectors are decided to be included. The respective company website section of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) was assessed, and the report was analysed using NVivo software.   Design/methodology/approach: Website of the organizations were analyzed using Nvivo (Nvivo 12 – Trial Version). It is a mixed-method data analysis tool with text analysis capabilities.  The method employed in this study is a word cloud and text analysis. This analysis adopts a quantitative approach looking at word frequency, word co-occurrence, and the clustering of documents based on word similarity.   Findings: Organizations aims at adopting sustainable practices and above all they focus and intent to communicate the same to their stakeholders. The Results of this research paper indicates that, organizations predominantly use website among other CSR communication strategies. Most of their focus areas were youth, education. Community development. Words used prominently helped the stakeholders to relate the words which reflected in brand building.   Research, Practical/social implications: The study has analyzed only four companies as a starting point and future studies can be rigorously done using a larger set of sample date set.. a sentimental analysis can be done. Since social media is becoming an effective communication platform, corporations should pay more focus on using social media especially through its website. The corporations should encourage stakeholders’ views related to CSR communication on social media.   Originality/value: The value of this research is that, it helps us understand the way companies use their website for CSR communication, since the majority of these type of studies were conducted are in the developing countries like US and Europe. Limited research and insights are found in the emerging markets. This study focuses on the emerging markets

Effect of Bone Graft and Platelet Rich Fibrin With and Without Alendronate in the Management of Intrabony Periodontal Defect: A Randomized Clinical study

BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is characterized by the presence of gingival inflammation, periodontal pocket formation, and loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone around the affected teeth. The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate the lost periodontal tissues, including cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The aim of periodontal therapy is to protect and maintain the patient’s natural dentition over his or her lifetime for optimal comfort, function and esthetic appearance. The regenerative therapy includes various treatment modalities such as use of bone grafts, GTR etc. Various bone grafts and bone replacement graft materials have been used, and growth factors have been incorporated in the bone grafts to stimulate the progenitor cells to form new tissues. Hence, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of bone graft and platelet rich fibrin with and without alendronate in the management of intrabony periodontal defect. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study sample included 20 patients, 9 male and 11 females, between 25 - 50 years with 20 intra bony defects with probing pocket depth of ≥ 5mm requiring periodontal flap surgery. Sites were randomly divided and treated with one of the following: Group-A open flap debridement followed by placement of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and bone graft (Perioglas). Group-B open flap debridement followed by placement of platelet rich fibrin (PRF), alendronate and bone graft (Perioglas). Clinical parameters recorded were plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, relative attachment level, radiographic defect fill were recorded at baseline and 6 months. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. RESULTS: The results of present study demonstrate that in all the sites there was a significant improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters, thereby improving periodontal status. CONCLUSION: • Perioglas, PRF and ALN were all shown to be safe to use, without causing any immunologic or antigenic reactions in any of the treated patients. • Perioglas appears to be a suitable vehicle to administer biologic substances like PRF and growth factors to induce new bone regeneration. • A combination therapy with Perioglas + PRF is also found to be effective. • The present study found that adding a single titrated dose of host modulating agent like ALN marginally improved the predictability of bone formation

EFFICACY OF VINYASA YOGA WITH AND WITHOUT MANTRA CHANTING ON SELECTED CEREBRO MUSCULAR VARIABLES AMONG CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

The study was designed to find out the Efficacy of Vinyasa yoga with and without Mantra chanting on selected cerebro muscular variables among cerebral palsy affected children. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences in cerebro muscular variables such as visual perception and proprioception due to the influences of Vinyasa yoga with and without Mantra chanting. To achieve the purpose of the study, 45 male children with cerebral palsy from Chennai city aged between 8 and 12 years were selected randomly and they were divided into three groups namely Experimental group I, Experimental group II and control groups of 15 subjects each. Experimental Group I underwent practice of Vinyasa yoga with mantra chanting, Experimental Group II underwent practice of Vinyasa yoga without Mantra chanting for the period of 22 weeks, five days per week for the maximum of an hour in the morning. The Control group was not exposed to any specific training but they participated in the regular activities. The pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the training for all the three groups. The cerebro muscular variables visual perception and proprioception were assessed by the Eye hand coordination and hot cold temperature tests respectively. The data pertaining to the variables collected from the three groups before and after the training period were statistically analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to determine the significant difference and tested at 0.05 level of confidence. The results of the study proved that the two experimental groups had significant improvement in visual perception and proprioception due to the influence of Vinyasa yoga practice with and without Mantra chanting than control group. Among the experimental groups Vinyasa yoga with mantra chanting had better significant improvement than Vinyasa yoga without mantra chanting

Impact of calcined temperatures on the crystalline parameters, morphological, energy band gap, electrochemical, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolysis behavior of nanocrystalline tin oxide

To construct a battery, the precipitation-synthesized SnO2 products at 450 °C and 650 °C were separately taken and mixed with graphite as the anode and PbO2,V2O5, and graphite materials as cathode materials to make the pellets and examine their open circuit voltage (OCV) values. The microstrain, lattice parameter, and crystallite size values of the above-mentioned tin oxide compounds were obtained through Rietveld refinement-MAUD fit analysis. The microstrain and lattice parameter values of tin oxide were significantly varied at a higher calcined temperature. Surface particle grain growth was increased with the increased calcined temperature from 450 to 650°C as evidenced by FE-SEM study. Particle size distributions of SnO2 and polycrystalline behavior have been discussed with the aid of TEM analysis. From the UV-visible spectra, optical band gap (Eg) values reduced from 3.73 to 3.69 eV for the SnO2 products with an increase in calcined temperatures from 450 to 650 °C. The antimicrobial responses of the two different calcined SnO2 samples at 450 °C and 650 °C against two different bacterial pathogens (gram-positive-S. aureus and gram-negative-E.coli) were investigated. From the microbicidal assessment, a relatively higher diameter of the zone of inhibition (DZOI) of tin oxide at 650°C samples was measured to be 19 ± 2 mm and 21 ± 2 mm for S. aureus and E. Coli than the DZOI of SnO2 at 450 °C samples (15 ± 1 mm for S. aureus and 18 ± 1 mm for E. coli. DPPH scavenging activity at 100 μg/ml shows that SnO₂ calcined at 450 °C achieves 68 ± 1%, while SnO2 calcined at 650 °C exhibits a significantly higher activity of 86 ± 1%. A slight increase in hemolysis was observed for SnO2 calcined at 650°C, reaching 1.3% at higher concentrations, but overall, hemolysis remained below 5%, indicating high hemocompatibility