Comparative characteristics of DNA polymorphisms of κ-casein gene (CSN3) in the horse and donkey

The aims of this study were to assess the genetic variability in the exon 1 of the κ-casein gene in four Italian horse populations (Italian Saddle horse, Italian Trotter, Italian Heavy Draught horse, and Murgese horse) and in a sample of Martina Franca donkey by estimating genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies, as well as several population genetic indices. Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was performed using the PCR-RFLP technique with two restriction enzymes: PstI and BseYI aimed to discover the presence of c.-66A>G and c.-36C>A polymorphism, respectively. Both these loci were found to be polymorphic in horses with some differences depending on the breed. No genetic variability was observed in Martina Franca donkey breed. In the equine species no selective pressure for milk purpose was performed, therefore the polymorphisms at milk protein loci were mainly considered as result of natural selection or as indirect consequence of selection oriented to increase body size or to improve conformation. From this point of view these two single nucleotide polymorphisms and particularly the c.-36C>A one could be useful instruments for population studies

Analysis of A Sequence Nucleotide Polymorphism of STAT5A Gene in Garganica Goat Breed

STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription) are a group of transcription factors that mediate actions of a variety of peptide hormones and cytokines within target cells (for example prolactin and growth hormone). In particular, STAT5A gene is a candidate marker for quantitative traits in farm animals. In this study, the STAT5A/Eco81I polymorphism was investigated with PCR-RFLP in a sample of Garganica goats. Garganica breed is an Italian goat breed that originates in the Gargano promontory, in Apulia region, by crossing the autochthonous population of goat with west European goats. Garganica breed show an exceptional ability to adapt to particularly difficult environments, as well as an extraordinary capacity to utilize poor pasture that would not otherwise be used. The investigated polymorphism is a substitution C→T at position 6852 within the exon 7 of the STAT5A gene. Only two out of three possible genotypes were identified in the population. The allelic frequencies of alleles C and T were 0.863 and 0.137 respectively and the population was kept in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, some population genetic indices were also reported

Analysis of a sequence nucleotide polymorphism of STAT5A gene in Garganica goat breed

STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription) are a group of transcription factors that mediate actions of a variety of peptide hormones and cytokines within target cells (for example prolactin and growth hormone). In particular, STAT5A gene is a candidate marker for quantitative traits in farm animals. In this study, the STAT5A/Eco81I polymorphism was investigated with PCR-RFLP in a sample of Garganica goats. Garganica breed is an Italian goat breed that originates in the Gargano promontory, in Apulia region, by crossing the autochthonous population of goat with west European goats. Garganica breed show an exceptional ability to adapt to particularly difficult environments, as well as an extraordinary capacity to utilize poor pasture that would not otherwise be used. The investigated polymorphism is a substitution C→T at position 6852 within the exon 7 of the STAT5A gene. Only two out of three possible genotypes were identified in the population. The allelic frequencies of alleles C and T were 0.863 and 0.137 respectively and the population was kept in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, some population genetic indices were also reported

From laser scanning to finite element analysis of complex buildings by using a semi-automatic procedure

In this paper a new semi-automatic procedure to transform three-dimensional point clouds of complex objects to three-dimensional finite element models is presented and validated. The procedure (CLOUD2FEM) conceives the point cloud as a stacking of point sections. The complexity of the clouds is arbitrary since the procedure is designed for terrestrial laser scanner surveys applied to buildings with irregular geometry, such as historical buildings. The proposed method allows to always produce a filled three-dimensional model ready to use for structural analysis purpose. A comparison analysis with a CAD based model is carried out on a historical building damaged by a seismic event

A novel frameshift mutation in exon 12 of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene in an Italian family with familial adenomatous polyposis and desmoid tumour

[This corrects the article on p. 235 in vol. 4, PMID: 20589194.]

Fatty Acid Composition and Hedonic Ratings of Meat from Light Lambs of Leccese Breed in Relation to Slaughter Age

Twenty lambs from Leccese local breed were used to investigate the effect of two slaughter ages (45 vs 60 d) on fatty acid composition and hedonic ratings of meat. The lambs, born as singles in spring, were subdivided into two groups (n. 10) corresponding to the slaughter ages of 45 and 60 d. The animals received their mother's milk and a supplementation of hay and concentrate from 30 d to slaughter. The increase to 60 d of slaughter age resulted in higher proportion of lauric acid (C12:0; P<0.05), pentadecanoic acid (C15:0; P<0.01) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; P<0.05), and lower proportion of stearic acid (C18:0; P<0.05) and linoleic acid (C20:3 n-6; P<0.05). Using a none-point hedonic scale, consumer test showed that meat from lambs slaughtered at 60 d received a higher hedonic scores (P < 0.01) as well as higher scores for tenderness (P < 0.05), flavour (P < 0.05), and juiciness (P < 0.001) than meat from lambs slaughtered at 45 d. These findings might be useful to characterise lamb meat of local origin in relation to its nutritional traits and market perspectives connected to consumer acceptability