Endodontic treatment of dens invaginatus with periapical lesion

Dens invaginatus or dens in dente represent anomaly of the developing tooth due to invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla. Dens invaginatus is usually diagnosed by standard radiological methods (RVG, OPG, and 3DCBCT). Clinical examination may reveal a mottled, dilated or conical shape of the crown. Endodontic treatment of dens invaginatus can be difficult and complex due to the deviated anatomy. This report describes the successful endodontic treatment of a maxillary lateral incisor that had dens invaginatus and a large periapical lesion. Clinical examination in a 30-year-old patient revealed an acute periapical abscess, and a dens invaginatus type II was diagnosed after radiography. Due to the existing anatomy, endodontic treatment of the main canal was performed through two access cavities, which enabled chemo-mechanical treatment and access to all parts of the root canal. The canal of the invaginated tooth was treated through the third access cavity

Color Stability Assessment of Light and Self-Cured Composites Following Accelerated Aging

Svrha istraživanja bila je izmjeriti i usporediti unutarnju stabilnost boje triju svjetlosnopolimerizirajućih materijala i jednoga kemijski stvrdnjavajućeg nakon njihova ubrzanog starenja. Materijali i metode: Testovi za stabilnost boja obavljeni su na svjetlosnopolimerizirajućim kompozitima – nanopunjenju Filtek Supreme XT (3M ESPE), nanohibridu Tetric Evo Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) i mikrohibridu Herculite XRV (Kerr) te na samopolimerizirajućem kompozitu Bisfil II (Bisco). Svi uzorci bili su uronjeni u destiliranu vodu (37°C) i držani u tamnoj posudi 24 sata. Nakon toga podijeljeni su u tri skupine. Postupak ubrzanog starenja proveden je prema dvama protokolima – u vodenoj kupelji na 60°C i prema ISO-u 7491. Uzorci iz kontrolne skupine držani su u destiliranoj vodi 30 dana na temperaturi od 37°C. Razlike u boji – ΔE, računale su se iz koordinata CIE L*a*b* izmjerenih spektrofotometrom nasuprot bijeloj pozadini prije postupka starenja uzoraka i poslije njega. Razina osjetljivosti boje postavljena je na 1, a prihvatljivi šum na 3,5. Statistička analiza obavljena je uparenim t-testom i ANOVA-om (p≤0,05). Rezultati: Svi ispitani materijali pokazali su klinički neprihvatljive promjene boje nakon ubrzanog starenja u vodenoj kupelji, a fotostarenjem nastala je vidljiva promjena boje kod svih svjetlosnopolimerizirajućih kompozita. Nanokompozitni materijali značajno su promijenili boju i u kontrolnoj skupini. Zaključak: Unutarnja stabilnost boje testiranih materijala ovisi o uvjetima starenja i vrsti dentalnog kompozita. Kemijski stvrdnjavajući kompoziti pokazali su tijekom fotostarenja bolju stabilnost.Objectives: Measure and compare internal color stability of three light-cured composites and one chemically bonded material after their accelerated aging. Materials and Methods: Color stability tests included nano-filled Filtek Supreme XT (3M ESPE), nano-hybrid Tetric Evo Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent), microhybrid Herculite XRV (Kerr) of light cured and Bisfil II (Bisco) of self cured composites. All samples were immersed in distilled water of 37°C and kept in a dark chamber during 24 hours. Thereafter they were divided into three groups. Accelerated aging was performed in accordance with the two different protocols, i.e. water bath at 60°C and ISO 7491. Control group specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 30 days. Color differences, ΔE were calculated from CIE L*a*b* coordinates measured with spectrophotometer against white backing before and after aging of samples. The color perceptibility threshold was set at 1.7 and acceptability threshold at 3.5. Statistical tests carried out on the groups included paired t-test and ANOVA (p≤0.05). Results: All tested materials showed clinically unacceptable color changes after accelerated aging in water bath, whereas photoaging induced perceptible color change in all light-cured composites. Nano-engineered composites significantly changed their color also in the control group. Conclusions: Internal color stability of tested materials depends on aging conditions and type of dental composite. Chemically-cured material showed better color stability by photo aging

Association between stress and self-reported bruxism among students from University of Sarajevo during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: Stress among students is a growing problem. As emotional stress increases, the limbic structures and hypothalamus are stimulated, activating the gamma efferent system, which ultimately leads to an increase in muscle tone or additional muscle activity that can become repetitive behaviors such as bruxism. The aim of the study was to investigate the stress level that students are exposed to, to determine the difference between students in terms of gender, faculty, and year of study, and to evaluate the possible relationship between stress level and self-reported bruxism in college students during the pandemic COVID-19. Methods: In April 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of students from the Faculty of Dentistry and the Faculty of Pharmacy at the University of Sarajevo (BiH). The students answered a questionnaire consisting of two parts: The first part contained questions on basic personal data and data on self-reported bruxism and the second part contained questions on the perceived stress scale (PSS). Results: The study included 756 students from both faculties. Analysis of stress levels among students revealed higher stress levels. Female students were more likely to be under stress than male respondents. Students in the Faculty of Pharmacy were more likely to be stressed than students in the Faculty of Dentistry. At the Faculty of Pharmacy, there was no difference in stress levels between the different years of study, while at the Faculty of Dentistry, the individual score for PSS was highest among 1st-year students. A high prevalence (46.8%) of self-reported bruxism was found among students in both faculties. Conclusion: A slight positive correlation between self-reported bruxism and stress suggests that it is important to implement stress management strategies during academic education and to prevent bruxism and its consequences

Satisfaction and attitudes of the student population about dental aesthetics

Introduction: Perceptions of the esthetic appearance of teeth vary in different individuals and can affect satisfaction with the dental appearance, attitudes, and the need for appropriate dental treatment. The research aims to examine the factors influencing the satisfaction with the appearance of the dentition and the attitude toward treatments which improve dental esthetics among students of the faculty of dentistry in comparison to the attitudes of students of non-dental faculties.Methods: The research included a total of 358 students of the Faculty of Dentistry and Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo who voluntarily filled out a questionnaire created for this research. The questionnaire contained questions related to satisfaction with the appearance of teeth in general, tooth color, tooth position, questions related to the previous, and future desired esthetic restorations and treatments.Results: Female subjects expressed statistically significantly greater dissatisfaction with the appearance of the dentition and did or plan to do treatments that could improve dental esthetics compared to male subjects. Students of the Faculty of Dentistry at final years were significantly more satisfied with the general appearance of teeth and tooth color compared to freshmen students of the Faculty of Dentistry and students of the Faculty of Architecture.Conclusion: Satisfaction with dental appearance is a subjective experience that is influenced by various factors, level, and type of education is among them