Offspring of parents with recurrent depression: which features of parent depression index risk for offspring psychopathology?

Background: Parental depression is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorder in offspring, although outcomes vary. At present relatively little is known about how differences in episode timing, severity, and course of recurrentdepression relate to risk in children. The aim of this study was to consider the offspring of parents with recurrentdepression and examine whether a recent episode of parental depressionindexesrisk for offspringpsychopathology over and above these other parental depressionfeatures. <p/>Methods: Three hundred and thirty seven recurrently depressed parents and their offspring (aged 9–17) were interviewed as part of an ongoing study, the ‘Early Prediction of Adolescent Depression Study’. The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment was used to assess two child outcomes; presence of a DSM-IV psychiatric disorder and number of DSM-IV child-rated depression symptoms. <p/>Results: Children whose parents had experienced a recent episode of depression reported significantly more depression symptoms, and odds of child psychiatric disorder were doubled relative to children whose parents had not experienced a recent episode of depression. Past severity of parental depression was also significantly associated with child depression symptoms. <p/>Limitations: Statistical analyses preclude causal conclusions pertaining to parental depression influences on offspringpsychopathology; several features of parental depression were recalled retrospectively. <p/>Conclusions: This study suggests that particular features of parental depression, specifically past depression severity and presence of a recent episode, may be important indicators of risk for child psychiatric disorder and depressive symptoms

Aharanov-Bohm excitons at elevated temperatures in type-II ZnTe/ZnSe quantum dots

Optical emission from type-II ZnTe/ZnSe quantum dots demonstrates large and persistent oscillations in both the peak energy and intensity indicating the formation of coherently rotating states. Furthermore, the Aharanov-Bohm (AB) effect is shown to be remarkably robust and persists until 180K. This is at least one order of magnitude greater than the typical temperatures in lithographically defined rings. To our knowledge this is the highest temperature at which the AB effect has been observed in semiconductor structures

Storage Project of Wet Distillers Grains

On October 18, 2006, one load of wet distillers grains from Pine Lake Corn Processors LLC, Steamboat Rock, IA was delivered to the ISU McNay Research Farm southwest of Chariton, IA via walking-bed semi-truck. The analysis of that product is given in Table 1

Evaluation of Mixing Wet Distillers Grains with Ground Hay in a Bunker and Covering Modified Distillers Grains to Extend Storage Life—A Demonstration Project

The ethanol industry is rapidly expanding. As much as 40 percent of the energy cost is associated with drying of the feed co-products. Distillers grains are excellent sources of nutrients for the diets of beef cattle, but have a short shelf life. To expand the use of wet distillers feeds to more producers, longer term, low-cost storage methods are required. Studies done in 2006–2007 showed that bagging these products was an effective management practice, but was higher in cost than acceptable to some producers. Additionally, availability of bagging equipment is limited, thus encouraging other storage methodologies to be investigated

Evaluation of Bagging to Extend Storage Life of Wet and Modified Distillers Grains—A Demonstration Project

The ethanol industry is rapidly expanding. As much as 40% of the energy cost is associated with drying the feed co-products. Distillers grains are excellent sources of nutrients for the diets of beef cattle, but have a short shelf life. To expand the use of wet distillers feeds to more producers, longer term storage methods are required