A Novel Asymptotic Solution to the Sommerfeld Radiation Problem: Analytic field expressions and the emergence of the Surface Waves

The well-known "Sommerfeld radiation problem" of a small -Hertzian- vertical dipole above flat lossy ground is reconsidered. The problem is examined in the spectral domain, through which it is proved to yield relatively simple integral expressions for the received Electromagnetic (EM) field. Then, using the Saddle Point method, novel analytical expressions for the scattered EM field are obtained, including sliding observation angles. As a result, a closed form solution for the subject matter is provided. Also, the necessary conditions for the emergence of the so-called Surface Wave are discussed as well. A complete mathematical formulation is presented, with detailed derivations where necessary.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, Submitted for publication to "Progress in Electromagnetics Research" (PIER) at 21/09/201

Calculation and strength assessment of a wheel bolt connection for dump trucks

For testing of OTR (Off-The-Road) tires for dump trucks during development, radial loads are applied between the tested tire and a rotating roller drum by using a parallel kinematic wheel guide unit. Additional lateral loads are created by setting a slip angle. The bolt connection between rim and test bench axle must be able to transmit the occurring forces and moments fatigue endurable. Three different procedures for evaluating the bolt connection are compared: Purely analytical evaluation as well as manual and automated evaluation of FEA results. Thereby the frictional connection in the joint and the bending moments in the bolts, resulting from elastic deformation of the components, are identified as the most critical factors. It is shown how these factors are considered in the individual methods and what causes differences in the calculation results. Using various optimization approaches, the bolt connection is designed for fatigue strength.Zur entwicklungsbegleitenden Erprobung von OTR (Off-The-Road) Reifen für Muldenkipper werden an einem Prüfstand mittels einer parallelkinematischen Radführungseinheit Radialkräfte zwischen dem zu prüfenden Reifen und einer rotierenden Laufrolle aufgebracht. Durch Einstellung eines Schräglaufwinkels entstehen zusätzlich Seitenführungskräfte. Der Schraubverband zwischen Radfelge und Prüfstandsachse muss die auftretenden Kräfte und Momente dauerfest übertragen können. Es werden drei verschiedene Vorgehensweisen zur Bewertung des Schraubverbands gegenübergestellt: Rein analytische Auswertung sowie manuelle und automatisierte Auswertung von FE-Ergebnissen. Dabei werden der Reibschluss in der Trennfuge sowie Biegemomente in der Schraube, resultierend aus der elastischen Verformung der Bauteile, als die kritischsten Faktoren identifiziert. Es wird gezeigt, wie diese Größen in den einzelnen Verfahren berücksichtigt werden und worauf Unterschiede in den Berechnungsergebnissen zurückzuführen sind. Unter Anwendung verschiedener Optimierungsansätze wird der Schraubverband auf Dauerfestigkeit ausgelegt

Confucianism and China’s Victims of SGBV: “My youth, my virginity, and my dignity were all buried at this comfort station"

The term ‘comfort women’ refers to young Asian females who were forced into prostitution by the Imperial Japanese Army between 1932 and 1945, resulting in gross human rights violations. The paper will explore how pre-existing gender relations and sociocultural dynamics contributed to this violence and will analyse the factors that allowed it to persist. As a conceptual framework, Confucianism, an ancient Chinese belief system that emphasises differentiation of women and men, is used to argue for the facilitation and legitimization of sexual and gender-based violence against Chinese women. Based on arguments of gender hierarchy, the sexual desire of Japanese soldiers, and ethnic victimization, victims faced social ostracization and discrimination. Keywords: Comfort Women, Confucianism, Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV), Gender Inequalit

Comparing Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) to Vancomycin: in Treatment of Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infections (CDI)

• Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the main cause of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. • CDI has tripled over the last ten years due to the increased use of broad spectrum antibiotics. CDI has become increasingly difficult to manage with traditional therapies such as metronidazole and vancomycin due to mutations in the pathogen, resulting in resistant organisms. • The purpose of this review was to determine if fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is more effective in treating and curing CDIs than traditional vancomycin therapy. • The hypothesis was that FMT will have better treatment outcomes than traditional vancomycin therapy. • The findings indicated that FMT is a more cost effective, safer, and overall better treatment option for CDI than traditional therapies such as vancomycin.https://commons.und.edu/pas-grad-posters/1141/thumbnail.jp