Volatile fatty acid proportions and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of cattle receiving grass silage ensiled with different rates of formic acid

v2006o

VFA proportions and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of cattle receiving grass silage ensiled with different rates of formic acid

vER

The effect of formic acid application rate at ensiling on the utilization of grass silage nitrogen in cattle

vER

Tunturi-Lapin metsäselvitys

Tunturi-Lapin metsäselvityksen loppuraportti

The effect of silage fermentation on the response to protein supplementation in milk production and rumen fermentation in vitro

vokER

Tourism resort users’ participation in planning:testing the public participation geographic information system method in Levi, Finnish Lapland

Abstract It is a challenging task to get tourists involved in tourism planning. In addition, it is often believed that local authorities and tourism companies have an adequate understanding of what tourists prefer or need and how local people’s interests can be integrated in tourism planning. Regardless, the tourism business is simply dependent on tourists — whether they want to come to a resort again or not. This article examines how the method of internet-based public participatory geographic information system (PPGIS) serves in gathering tourists’ and locals’ views about their favourite places at the Levi tourism resort in northern Finland. By using the PPGIS method it was not only possible to find clusters of favourite places, but also several single places of interest. The study revealed technical challenges in using PPGIS software. The quality and usability of the information and the method are discussed in relation to tourism planning

Polkuja luontoon:Levin kesäreittiverkoston kehittäminen käyttäjäkokemuksia ja ekologista tietoa yhdistäen

Abstract Tourism season in Lapland is mainly winter. Only one quarter of the registered overnight stays take place in snowless seasons in Lapland. Therefore lots of efforts are made to develop summer tourism. Recreational trails are an important part of this development work. Conventional interviews and surveys produce user-based knowledge that seldom ends up into a system of land-use planning, since information is not georeferenced. This article introduces two methods; one is able to collect user knowledge broadly and comprehensively, the other processes it for trail planning from perspectives of summer and wellness tourism. First, tourists’ and locals’ views about natural areas of the Levi tourism resort were collected with internet-based public participatory geographic information system (PPGIS). The inquiry produced almost three hundred georeferenced favorite places and plenty of descriptive verbal information. This knowledge on strengths, weaknesses and development needs of places was complemented with dozen interviews of locals. The user-based knowledge was combined with ecological knowledge on places that are relevant to nature experiences and wellbeing benefits of nature with the help of GIS-method in order to identify ”hot spots for forest bathing”. The twenty hot spots do not involve only forests but also waterfronts, mires and meadows outside the reach of the official trails but having wellbeing benefits or being important to the users. The Levi network of nature areas was developed in order to give model for land-use and trail planning to avoid the challenges caused by seasonality and to enhance sustainable tourism for other resorts to apply

Entorno genético de CTX-M-2 en aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae provenientes de pacientes hospitalizados en Uruguay

We studied two CTX-M-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains, K96005 and K13, isolated from hospitalized patients in Uruguay, during 1996 and 2003, respectively. The genomic surroundings of bla(CTX-M-2) were characterized by PCR-mapping and DNA sequencing. Our results show that blaCTX-M-2 is included in a complex class-1 integron (InK13), associated with an orf513 in both isolates. The genetic array of the integron, aac(6´)-lb, bla(OxA,2), orfD (gene cassette region), associated with an orf513-bla(CTX-M-2), seems to be widely disseminated over the Rio de la Plata region.Fil: Vignoli, R.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Cordeiro, N.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Seija, V.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Schelotto, F.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Radice, Marcela Alejandra. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Ayala, J.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Power, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Gutkind, Gabriel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología; Argentin

Prevalence and molecular characterisation of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in an outbreak-free setting in a single hospital in Uruguay

Objectives: This study aimed to characterise all carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria (CPE) isolates obtained from an outbreak-free setting in Uruguay. Methods: We studied 12 CPE isolated from Hospital de Clínicas between 2012–2016. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK®2 and Sensititre or agar dilution, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetic elements were identified by PCR and sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing was performed for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Plasmid conjugation was assessed, plasmid size was estimated by S1-PFGE and plasmid incompatibility groups were sought by PCR. Results: Among 8364 enterobacteria, 12 CPE were isolated from urine, blood culture, wound, peritoneal fluid and punch samples. NDM-1 was the most prevalent carbapenemase, followed by VIM-2 and KPC-2. All isolates were resistant to gentamicin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and imipenem and were susceptible to fosfomycin. We characterised six class 1 integrons: dfrA12–orfF–aadA2; aacA4–blaOXA-2–orfD; aadB–aadA2; dfrA1; aadB–blaOXA-10–aadA1; and blaVIM-2-dfrA7. An association between various aminoglycoside, β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance genes were observed, some of them located in transferable plasmids belonging to incompatibility groups IncC, IncHI1 and IncM1. We described a new composite transposon (assigned Tn6935) including blaNDM-1 flanked by two directly-oriented copies of a Tn3-like element ISKox2-like family transposase. The sequence types of K. pneumoniae isolates were ST11, ST14 and ST661. Conclusions: The presence of CPE is sporadic and could be due to measures taken by the Public Health Committee. Nevertheless, the coexistence of several resistance mechanisms and their presence in conjugative plasmids and high-risk clones is worrisome