Software-based teaching of optical demultiplexers by using photonic crystals with presenting the syllabus for MSc students in electronic engineering major

Background and Objective:Software-based education is one of the most important ways to transfer knowledge in the field of new technologies. Because the hardware implementation of some modern science phenomena is not possible due to its complexity or sometimes due to the lack of appropriate manufacturing technology. Therefore, appropriate software can be used to teach such phenomena. One of the sciences and technologies that has grown significantly in recent years is photonic crystal structures, which have also appeared in new editions of graduate courses syllabuses as photon crystals. In this paper, simulation-based (software-based) teaching of a 4-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal is presented by using the R-Soft software. Methods: The teaching of the demultiplexer structure is based on the use of a photonic crystal filter. In this analysis, with the variation of the radius of the cylindrical nano-ring resonator and the radius of the scattering rods, the critical length parameter of 1573.6 nm is improved in the design of the filter. The advantages of the 4-channel demultiplexer include the mean quality factor of 4525, mean channel power transfer factor of 95%, and maximum and minimum channel cross-talk of -19.6 and -40.4, respectively. Also, mean channel width is obtained as 0.375 nm. Moreover, the proposed 4-channel demultiplexer can be used in WDM systems. Findings: The simulation-based teaching of these structures is very important to develop and improve the multiplexers performance. Therefore, the related syllabus is suggested for master of science (MSc) students in Electronic Engineering major. This syllabus can be considered as a part of Photonic Crystal or Photonics courses. Conclusion: In this paper, a 4-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal was studied. In order to teach the theoretical principles and foundations which are mostly complex and its hardware implementation is difficult due to technological limitations, the use of appropriate software environments along with strengthening the basic knowledge required can Improve teaching-learning processes. For this purpose, in this article, we tried to express the appropriate concepts of designing a four-channel optical dimplexplexor system for effective training. Accordingly, the proposed principles and topics as well as the prerequisites in the design were described. In the training section of the four-channel dimplex structure, it was stated that a T-shaped input waveguide, square resonator rings and several output waveguides can be used   ===================================================================================== COPYRIGHTS  ©2019 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers.  ====================================================================================

Devices for integrated optics produced in GaAs/GaAlAs anf Simox materials

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX87764 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

A new design of a 4-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal ring resonator using a modified Y-branch

In this paper, we propose a new structure to design a 4-channel optical demultiplexer using a modified Y-branch structure with 4 hexagonal photonic crystal ring resonators. A new optical filter with a high transfer coefficient and quality factor has been introduced and designed in the present paper using a hexagonal photonic crystal ring resonator, which has then been used to design a 4-channel optical demultiplexer. The proposed demultiplexer has an average transfer coefficient of 95.5% and a high quality factor of 4164.6. It also has a channel spacing of 2.75 nm and a spectral width of 0.4 nm. The maximum and minimum crosstalk values of the channels are –10.5 and –36.5 dB, respectively. To study the photonic band structure, the plane wave expansion method has been used and the finite-difference time-domain method has also been used to analyze the optical behavior of the structure

Comparison of ear-notch immunoflourescent, buffy coat antigen-capture ELISA and RT-PCR for detection of calves suspected to acutely infected with bovine pestivirus

Translation may be: Comparison of ear-notch immunoflourescent, buffy coat antigen-capture ELISA and  RT-PCR for detection of calves suspected to [be] acutely infected  with bovine pestivirusTwelve calves of 4-10 months old with clinical signs suspected to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection were selected for this study. Histopathologic sections were performed on formalin fixed paraffin-embded ear notch biopsies, mounted on poly-L-lysine coated slides and stained for BVDV by Anti-BVDV monoclonal antibody labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Stained sections were examined by fluorescent microscopy for detection of green fluorescent evidence within the cytoplasm of keratinocytes, other dermal cells and chondrocytes. Detection of BVDV antigen in buffy coat cells was performed by using a commercially available antigen-capture ELISA kit, and RT-PCR, using a universal primers set, specific for all pestiviruses. Based on 11 positive cases detected by RT-PCR, immunofluorescent staining and antigen-capture ELISA could detect 8 cases (72.72%) and one case (9%) respectively. Results of this study suggest immunofluorescent test on ear notch biopsies has a relatively high sensitivity, and can be used as a reliable and feasible method for detection of calves with acute infection with BVDV.Sadeghi-nasab, A., Nadalian, M. G., Hemmatzadeh, F., Nadjafi, J., Seifoori, P., Gorjidooz, M., Badiei, A., Bahari, A., Bahonar, A. R