Domain and culture-specific heuristic evaluation of the websites of universities of Pakistan

In this digital era, the website of a university is a doorway to its information and services. These websites reflect the actual university where the prospective students make plans to get admission, current students perform interaction daily, and other stakeholders also access it to get the required information. These users expect university websites to be designed professionally, in an organized manner, with a user-friendly interface, which helps them to search, navigate, and collect information effectively. Users pose cultural norms in their life unintentionally, which makes them expect the same preferences in their routine dealings. These preferences reflect a specific culture where the user resides and a specific domain where an application is being used. The heuristic evaluation methodology is widely applied for usability evaluation. It is an inspection-based, fast, and inexpensive approach for identifying usability problems in a system. These heuristics are well designed to pinpoint the general usability design faults however, they limit detecting potential domain and culture-specific usability problems. In this regard, the usability evaluation of the top ten universities of Pakistan is performed in this research using domain and culture-specific heuristic evaluation. The results of the evaluation are discussed that recognize the potential usability issues in the website design of the universities of Pakistan

Resolution of symptomatic secondary empty sella syndrome following lumbar-peritoneal shunt.

Background: Post‑surgical empty sella is related to the removal of pituitary tumors either from the transcranial or transphenoidal route, rendering diaphragma sellae incompetent at the end of the procedure. This subsequently leads to herniation of the third ventricle and optic apparatus into the empty sella. Studies have shown that in 50% of the cases, individuals with primary and secondary empty sella syndrome have developed defects in the visual fields. Benign increased intracranial pressure, cerebrospinal rhinorrhea, papilledema, and abnormalities affecting visual acuity may also occur as a result of empty sella. Case Description: This case report discusses a rare treatment option for the symptomatic secondary empty sella syndrome. Patient underwent lumbar drain placement and that resulted in astonishingly significant improvement in vision. Keeping in view the beneficial effect of lumbar drain, lumbar–peritoneal (LP) shunt was inserted which showed drastic improvement in vision. Conclusion: The surgical outcome of symptomatic cases of ESS is favorable. Various common surgical options were reported in literature; however, we have discussed an unconventional surgical option with an impressive outcome

Network Analysis of co-authorship system of University of Sindh authors on Science Direct

Many complex systems have been modelled and analyzed as complex networks. These systems are huge and complex in terms of number of interconnecting components. In this research, we have analyzed the co-authorship network of Sindh university authors on science direct to understand the connectivity pattern of authors who published their articles over time. This research has found that the connectivity pattern of the authors is highly heterogonous due to the emergence of hubs in this system. Further, this network has shown highly clustered behavior with small world effect. These findings based on network analysis suggests that the co-authorship system is depending on few authors frequently publishing multiple papers in this network