Calidad de los diagnósticos en urgencias de las lesiones por causas externas que requieren ingreso hospitalario

SummaryObjectiveTo establish the quality of emergency department diagnoses for those patients whose injuries required hospital admission.MethodsEmergency and hospital discharge diagnostics were retrieved for 339 injured patients. Severity scores (ISS) were calculated using an automatic conversion procedure (ICDMAP). Emergency diagnoses for each patient (grouped into categories) were compared with the hospital discharge ones. Quality was analyzed based on accuracy (Percy groups) and reliability (percentage of concordance) measurements. Severity scores were evaluated using reliability measures (percentage of concordance and intraclass correlation coefficient -ICC-).ResultsMean diagnoses per patient were 1.1 at the emergency department and 1.4 at hospital discharge. In the latter, there were diagnoses in each category except for those more unspecific, where there was a reduction. Overall,emergency information showed under notification. Severity scores were higher with hospital discharge data. There was a 63% percentage of concordance. When grouped into categories, severity scores had an ICC of 0.61 (moderate-good).ConclusionEmergency departments are a potential good source of information about injury severity even for those patients who require hospital admission. Emergency department injury surveillance can be very useful in assessing the magnitude and distribution of injury severity at the population level. Nevertheless for individual severity assessment, use of hospital discharge information is recommended

On F-theory Quiver Models and Kac-Moody Algebras

We discuss quiver gauge models with bi-fundamental and fundamental matter obtained from F-theory compactified on ALE spaces over a four dimensional base space. We focus on the base geometry which consists of intersecting F0=CP1xCP1 Hirzebruch complex surfaces arranged as Dynkin graphs classified by three kinds of Kac-Moody (KM) algebras: ordinary, i.e finite dimensional, affine and indefinite, in particular hyperbolic. We interpret the equations defining these three classes of generalized Lie algebras as the anomaly cancelation condition of the corresponding N =1 F-theory quivers in four dimensions. We analyze in some detail hyperbolic geometries obtained from the affine A base geometry by adding a node, and we find that it can be used to incorporate fundamental fields to a product of SU-type gauge groups and fields.Comment: 13 pages; new equations added in section 3, one reference added and typos correcte

On Brane Inflation Potentials and Black Hole Attractors

We propose a new potential in brane inflation theory, which is given by the arctangent of the square of the scalar field. Then we perform an explicit computation for inflationary quantities. This potential has many nice features. In the small field approximation, it reproduces the chaotic and MSSM potentials. It allows one, in the large field approximation, to implement the attractor mechanism for bulk black holes where the geometry on the brane is de Sitter. In particular, we show, up to some assumptions, that the Friedman equation can be reinterpreted as a Schwarzschild black hole attractor equation for its mass parameter.Comment: 12 pages. Reference updated and minor changes added. Version to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Motion and Trajectories of Particles Around Three-Dimensional Black Holes

The motion of relativistic particles around three dimensional black holes following the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism is studied. It follows that the Hamilton-Jacobi equation can be separated and reduced to quadratures in analogy with the four dimensional case. It is shown that: a) particles are trapped by the black hole independently of their energy and angular momentum, b) matter alway falls to the centre of the black hole and cannot understake a motion with stables orbits as in four dimensions. For the extreme values of the angular momentum of the black hole, we were able to find exact solutions of the equations of motion and trajectories of a test particle.Comment: Plain TeX, 9pp, IPNO-TH 93/06, DFTUZ 93/0

Embedding Fractional Quantum Hall Solitons in M-theory Compactifications

We engineer U(1)^n Chern-Simons type theories describing fractional quantum Hall solitons (QHS) in 1+2 dimensions from M-theory compactified on eight dimensional hyper-K\"{a}hler manifolds as target space of N=4 sigma model. Based on M-theory/Type IIA duality, the systems can be modeled by considering D6-branes wrapping intersecting Hirzebruch surfaces F_0's arranged as ADE Dynkin Diagrams and interacting with higher dimensional R-R gauge fields. In the case of finite Dynkin quivers, we recover well known values of the filling factor observed experimentally including Laughlin, Haldane and Jain series.Comment: Latex, 14 pages. Modified version, to appear in IJGMM

On Hexagonal Structures in Higher Dimensional Theories

We analyze the geometrical background under which many Lie groups relevant to particle physics are endowed with a (possibly multiple) hexagonal structure. There are several groups appearing, either as special holonomy groups on the compactification process from higher dimensions, or as dynamical string gauge groups; this includes groups like SU(2),SU(3), G_2, Spin(7), SO(8) as well as E_8 and SO(32). We emphasize also the relation of these hexagonal structures with the octonion division algebra, as we expect as well eventually some role for octonions in the interpretation of symmetries in High Energy Physics.Comment: 9 pages, Latex, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Theoretical Physic

A technical evaluation, performance analysis and risk assessment of multiple novel oxy-turbine power cycles with complete CO2 capture

In recent years there has been growing concern about greenhouse gas emissions (particularly CO2 emissions) and global warming. Oxyfuel combustion is one of the key technologies for tackling CO2 emissions in the power industry and reducing their contribution to global warming. The technology involves burning fuel with high-purity oxygen to generate mainly CO2 and steam, enabling easy CO2 separation from the flue gases by steam condensation. In fact, 100% CO2 capture and near-zero NOx emissions can be achieved with this technology. This study examines nineteen different oxy-turbine cycles, identifying the main parameters regarding their operation and development. It also analyses the use of advanced natural gas (NG) combustion cycles from the point of view of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) and considering political, legislative and social aspects of deploying this technology. Six oxy-turbine cycles which are at the most advanced stages of development (NetPower, Clean Energy Systems CES), Modified Graz, E-MATIANT, Advanced Zero Emission Power AZEP 100% and Semi-Closed Oxy-fuel Combustion Combined Cycle (SCOC-CC)), were chosen to conduct a Political, Environmental, Social, Technological, Legislative and Economic (PESTLE) risk analysis. This compares each technology with a conventional combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant without carbon capture as the base-case scenario. Overall, the net efficiency of the different oxy-turbine cycles ranges between 43.6% and 65%, comparable to a CCGT power plant, while providing the extra benefits of CO2 capture and lower emissions. A multi-criteria analysis carried out using DECERNS (Decision Evaluation in Complex Risk Network Systems) software determined that, depending on the specific criterion considered, one can draw different conclusions. However, in terms of technology, environment and social opinion, the most promising cycles are the NetPower and CES cycles, whereas from an economic point of view, E-MATIANT is more competitive in the energy market. Giving each factor equal importance, the NetPower cycle must be considered to be the best oxy-turbine cycle based on our analysis. Most of the oxy-turbine cycles are still under development and only a few cycles (e.g., CES and NetPower) are progressing to the demonstration phase. In consequence, political measures such as CO2 tax and emission allowances need to be implemented for oxy-turbine technologies to become the preferred option for fossil fuel power plants burning natural gas