Non-syndromic occurrence of true generalized microdontia with mandibular mesiodens - a rare case

Abnormalities in size of teeth and number of teeth are occasionally recorded in clinical cases. True generalized microdontia is rare case in which all the teeth are smaller than normal. Mesiodens is commonly located in maxilary central incisor region and uncommon in the mandible. In the present case a 12 year-old boy was healthy; normal in appearance and the medical history was noncontributory. The patient was examined and found to have permanent teeth that were smaller than those of the average adult teeth. The true generalized microdontia was accompanied by mandibular mesiodens. This is a unique case report of non-syndromic association of mandibular hyperdontia with true generalized microdontia

A Retrospective Analysis of Demographic and Clinical profile of Pediatric Dental Patients Treated Under General Anesthesia

Aim - To determine the demographic and clinical profile of children treated under general anaesthesia in last 7 years. Methodology - A Medical-record department (MRD) based retrospective study was planned. Dental records all the pediatric patients treated under general anaesthesia in past 7 years (2012-2019) were reviewed and evaluated in the current retrospective analysis. For each patient, detailed clinical and demographic details were extracted and analysed using descriptive statistical analysis and chi-square test. Results – In the current study, dental records of total 93 patients were included. These were divided into 2 groups – based on patient’s medical history, wherein group A included healthy children and group B included children with special health care with mean age of 5.40 ± 2.1 years and 10.3 ± 6.3 years respectively. Dental anxiety and un-cooperative behaviour (57%) were the main indication for treating pediatric patient under general anaesthesia and stainless-steel crown cementation was the most frequent procedure performed for both groups. Intra-group analysis showed significant association between age of the patient and need for dental treatment under general anaesthesia in group A (P ≤ 0.05). However, there was no significant difference and corelation found between gender and need for general anaesthesia. (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion - According to the study, majority of the children treated under general anaesthesia were below 5 years and the major indication was un-cooperative behaviour. Stainless-steel crowns cementation was the most common treatment modality provided. It is important to emphasis more on prevention dental caries and thus avoid unnecessary exposure of children to general anaesthesi

Appropriate electrode placement site of electric pulp tester for the premolars: A clinical study

Context: Electric pulp testers (EPTs) are widely used as diagnostic aid in dentistry for dental pulp. This delivers enough current to overcome enamel and dentin resistance and to stimulate the myelinated sensory fibers at the junction of pulp and dentin. Such testing requires the electrode to be in contact with the surface of the tooth, with optimal positions identified for anterior teeth, premolars, and molars. Aims: To determine the best site position of EPT on premolars. The objective of electric pulp testing was to determine the sensibility of each premolar at the lowest sensory response threshold. Settings and Design: Clinical study Materials and Methods: The premolars of 20 patients between 13 and 15 years accompanied with parents, free of restorations, and caries were selected. Five sites on the crown were tested with EPT for minimum of four times. Statistical analysis used: One-way analysis of variance test and the Tukey′s honestly significant difference test. Results: The lowest threshold response was noted at the incisal edge of the tooth; the middle third had a higher threshold among all the different placement of electrode. Statistically significant difference was observed for occlusal surface in terms of region of placement of electrode. Conclusions: This experiment found the best electrode site for pulp testing in premolars. The appropriate EPT site was on the occlusal surface of maxillary and mandibular premolars

Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder children among dentists in Gujarat – An electronic cross-sectional survey

Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurobiological disorder that affects children and is characterized by lack of attention, impulsive behavior, and hyperactivity. Through this study, we measured the level of perception of dentists to ADHD. Methodology: A survey questionnaire was sent to 380 IDA members in the Gujarat branch as part of a cross-sectional study. The first part of the survey includes demographic data about the participants, then questions about ADHD knowledge and management. The data were uploaded into a computer and evaluated with SPSS software. The level of significance was set at P = 0.05, and any value below or equal to 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results: The participants had a good knowledge of ADHD; however, dental practitioners need to be more aware of dealing with such patients. The majority of participants lacked the necessary expertise to treat them, but they were still ready to provide dental treatment to people with ADHD as part of their dental practice. There was a significant correlation between work experience and years of practice. Conclusion: Appropriate training should be provided to dentists so they can treat patients with ADHD. To raise dentists' understanding of ADHD, well-planned programs and explicit policies should be developed using the current findings

Supplementary Tooth: To Extract or Observe? Evidence Based Practice with the Literature Review

Background : Supernumerary teeth are the teeth present in addition to the normal set of teeth. They may be single, multiple, unilateral or bilateral, erupted or unerupted present in one or both jaws and may or may not be associated with other disease or syndrome. Multidisciplinary approach is necessary to meet the treatment challenges of supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth can be managed either by removal/ endodontic/ orthodontic therapy or by maintaining them in the arch and frequent observation. Removal of supernumerary teeth is recommended where there is compromised esthetic and functional status. This article reviews case series of supernumerary teeth with no associated disease or syndromes

Dimensional comparison of rubber dam clamp prongs with cervical mesiodistal dimension of primary second molar

Background: The stability of the rubber dam (RD) basically depends on the selection of a properly fitting clamp corresponding to the tooth. There are significant differences in tooth size between various races. This implies that the commercially available RD clamps may fit well to teeth of one population but not to another. Aim: The aim of this study was to obtain standard measure of mesiodistal widths at the cervical level of primary second molars in Gujarat children and to compare them with commercial RD clamps commonly used in paediatric dentistry. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty children were selected on the basis of selection criteria. The mesiodistal widths of primary second molars were measured at the clinical cervical level for buccal and lingual sides, respectively, by a digital Vernier caliper. It was compared with mesiodistal with of RD clamps no. #14A, #7 and #13A/12A. Statistical tests independent sample t-test and single sample t-test were applied. Results: All clamps width show significant difference either buccal or lingual side with their respected teeth (P < 0.05). #14A and #7 clamp show <1 mm discrepancy for mandibular second molar while for maxillary second molar discrepancy were more than 1 mm. #13A/#12A show large discrepancy for mandibular second molar. Conclusion: Cervical mesiodistal dimensions of primary mandibular molars were generally larger than those of primary maxillary molars. #14A and #7 can relatively fit to primary mandibular second molar and #13A/#12A for primary maxillary second molar

Integrated Surgical and Orthodontic Treatment: A Twinned Teeth Dilemma

Background: Twinned or geminated teeth may cause spacing, caries, aesthetic and periodontal problems which are usually seen in the anterior region. Various treatment methods can be used for correction of double teeth according to the demands of the condition. This article reports bilateral fused maxillary incisor teeth. The fused right side incisor was separated by hemisection and remaining mesial incisal margin was built using composite. Further, comprehensive orthodontic treatment was done to align the anterior maxillary teeth

Evaluation of Perception and Awareness of Dental Injuries among Sports Children Aged 6-18 Years and their Coaches during Contact Sports

Introduction: Dental injuries are the most common form of orofacial injury suffered during sports participation. This injury can be severe, affecting appearance, voice, and ability to eat. Reputation of contact sports activities is growing day-by-day so the function of dental specialists has turn out to be extra essentials to prevent dental and orofacial injuries. Aim: To evaluate perception and awareness of dental injury in sports children and their coaches during contact sports. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2019 to October 2019 at three sports complexes in Vadodara, Gujarat. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the perception and awareness of oral injuries sustained during sports activities. Self-administered questionnaire with 20 closed ended questions for coaches and 18 closed ended questions for children were constructed with multiple choice or Yes-No format. Total of 50 coaches and 240 children were included in the study. Results: Most common sustained injury occurred on the face (41.7%), followed by lip/tongue/cheek injury (22.9%), teeth fracture (10.4%) and teeth avulsion (7.5%). Among all participants, 66 (27.5%) sports children and 27 (54.0%) coaches knew that it was possible to re-implant the teeth. A total of 118 (49.2%) sports children were aware that mouthguard can prevent dental injuries and 31(86%) coaches had advised children to use mouthguards while playing contact sports. Conclusion: The knowledge related to sports injury is poor and under-usage of protective devices requires education and motivation