Особенности экспрессии коллагена IV типа в базалиоме кожи

Rationale: Type IV collagen is the main component of the basal membrane ensuring its integrity. Basal membrane destruction is associated with absent type IV collagen expression being directly related to an increased tumor invasion risk. Specifics of the protein expression in various morphological types of basal cell carcinoma have not been well described. Aim: To study the association between type IV collagen expression and basal cell carcinoma morphological structure and invasion potential. Materials and methods: We performed an immunohistochemistry analysis with anti-type IV collagen antibodies on 30 biopsy specimens of the skin involved with basal cell carcinoma. Results: The superficial multicentric type of basal cell carcinoma differed from the solid, micronodular, and infiltrative types by linear continuous type IV collagen expression (р 0.0083). Most often, there was no type IV collagen expression in the micronodular and infiltrative basal cell carcinomas; however, no significant difference of the solid type and each of the abovementioned types was found. Aggressive basal cell carcinoma types (micronodular and infiltrative, taken together) were significantly different (р = 0.033) from the solid type by the absence of type IV collagen expression. Linear continuous expression was seen exclusively in basal cell carcinomas with the invasion of 0.825 mm. Conclusion: We have identified the difference in type IV collagen expression depending on the morphological type of basal cell skin carcinoma, prevailing linear continuous expression in the superficial multicentric type and its absence in the micronodular and infiltrative types.Актуальность. Коллаген IV типа - основной компонент базальной мембраны, обеспечивающий ее целостность. При разрушении базальной мембраны отмечается исчезновение экспрессии коллагена IV типа, что напрямую связано с возрастанием инвазивного потенциала опухоли. В полной мере не определены особенности экспрессии этого белка при различных морфологических типах базалиомы. Цель - изучение взаимосвязи между экспрессией коллагена IV типа, морфологическим строением и инвазивным потенциалом базалиомы. Материал и методы. Проведено иммуногистохимическое исследование с антителами к коллагену IV типа биопсийного материала 30 базалиом кожи. Результаты. Линейная непрерывная экспрессия коллагена IV типа отличала (р 0,0083) поверхностный мульти-центрический тип от солидного, микронодулярного и инфильтративного. В микронодулярном и инфильтративном типах базалиомы чаще всего экспрессия коллагена IV отсутствовала, однако статистически значимого отличия солидного от каждого из этих типов получено не было. Суммарно агрессивные типы базалиомы (микронодулярный и инфильтративный) значимо (р = 0,033) отличались от солидного тем, что в них преимущественно отсутствовала экспрессия коллагена IV типа. Исключительно линейная непрерывная экспрессия наблюдалась в базалиомах глубиной 0,825 мм. Заключение. Установлены различия в экспрессии коллагена IV типа в зависимости от морфологического типа базалиомы, преобладание линейной непрерывной экспрессии в поверхностном мультицентрическом типе и ее отсутствие в ми-кронодулярном и инфильтративном

Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: One-Year Follow-up.

Declines in stroke admission, intravenous thrombolysis, and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy over a one-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020). We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, intravenous thrombolysis treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases. There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the one-year immediately before compared to 138,453 admissions during the one-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% confidence interval [95% CI 7.1, 6.9]; p<0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8%, [5.1, 4.6]; p<0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1%, [6.4, 5.8]; p<0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high volume compared to low volume centers (all p<0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7%, [0.6,0.9]; p=0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31,1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82,2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations. There was a global decline and shift to lower volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year. This study is registered under NCT04934020