2,169 research outputs found
Optical geometry analysis of the electromagnetic self-force
We present an analysis of the behaviour of the electromagnetic self-force for
charged particles in a conformally static spacetime, interpreting the results
with the help of optical geometry. Some conditions for the vanishing of the
local terms in the self-force are derived and discussed.Comment: 18 pages; 2 figure
A 1.2V 10μW NPN-Based Temperature Sensor in 65nm CMOS with an inaccuracy of ±0.2°C (3s) from −70°C to 125°C
This paper describes a temperature sensor realized in a 65nm CMOS process with a batch-calibrated inaccuracy of ±0.5°C (3σ) and a trimmed inaccuracy of ±0.2°C (3σ) from –70°C to 125°C. This represents a 10-fold improvement in accuracy compared to other deep-submicron temperature sensors [1,2], and is comparable with that of state-of-the-art sensors implemented in larger-featuresize processes [3,4]. The sensor draws 8.3μA from a 1.2V supply and occupies an area of 0.1mm2, which is 45 times less than that of sensors with comparable accuracy [3,4]. These advances are enabled by the use of NPN transistors as sensing elements, the use of dynamic techniques i.e. correlated double sampling (CDS) and dynamic element matching (DEM), and a single room-temperature trim
A 2.4GHz 830pJ/bit duty-cycled wake-up receiver with −82dBm sensitivity for crystal-less wireless sensor nodes
A 65 nm CMOS 2.4 GHz wake-up receiver operating with low-accuracy frequency references has been realized. Robustness to frequency inaccuracy is achieved by employing non-coherent energy detection, broadband-IF heterodyne architecture and impulse-radio modulation. The radio dissipates 415 ¿W at 500 kb/s and achieves a sensitivity of -82 dBm with an energy efficiency of 830 pJ/bit.\u
Probing Extreme-Density Matter with Gravitational Wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants
We present a proof-of-concept study, based on numerical-relativity
simulations, of how gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron star merger remnants
can probe the nature of matter at extreme densities. Phase transitions and
extra degrees of freedom can emerge at densities beyond those reached during
the inspiral, and typically result in a softening of the equation of state
(EOS). We show that such physical effects change the qualitative dynamics of
the remnant evolution, but they are not identifiable as a signature in the GW
frequency, with the exception of possible black-hole formation effects. The EOS
softening is, instead, encoded in the GW luminosity and phase and is in
principle detectable up to distances of the order of several Mpcs with advanced
detectors and up to hundreds of Mpcs with third generation detectors. Probing
extreme-density matter will require going beyond the current paradigm and
developing a more holistic strategy for modeling and analyzing postmerger GW
signals.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Matches version accepted on ApJ
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