Modeling the Bull Run River-Reservoir System

The City of Portland, Water Bureau currently operates 2 Bull Run reservoirs, Reservoir #2 and Reservoir #1 as a water supply source in the Bull Run watershed shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. The Water Bureau wants to operate their water supply system in order to meet both water supply objectives and fish habitat objectives downstream of the Bull Run reservoirs in Bull Run River. In addition, a third Bull Run reservoir has been proposed as an additional water supply source. This reservoir also may be used to meet water supply and fish habitat objectives in Bull Run River. This proposal addresses performing the following tasks to evaluate these objectives: Gather data to construct a computer simulation model of the Bull Run system including Bull Run River, Bull Run Reservoirs #1 through #3 and the river basin without reservoirs. Ensure that the model accurately represents the system physics, chemistry and biology. Use the model to evaluate how to meet water supply and fish habitat objectives by implementation of management scenarios

Investigation of the Effects of Increased Order Compensators in Mixed H\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e/H\u3csub\u3e∞\u3c/sub\u3e Optimization

The problem of minimizing the 2-norm of one transfer function subject to an infinity-norm bound on another transfer function is examined for increased order controllers. In particular, the theoretical results of the full order case are extended to the higher order case, and SISO and MIMO numerical examples are given for increasingly higher order compensators. Some of the key proofs for higher order compensators include: the global minimum 2-norm is unachievable under output feedback for certain levels of gamma regardless of compensator order; the solution to the mixed H2/H infinity problem lies on the boundary of the infinity-norm constraint for this same range of gamma\u27s; and the suboptimal mixed problem converges to the optimal in the limit for higher order controllers. Also, it is shown that the optimal compensator order for the mixed H2/H infinity problem is greater than the order of the plant under certain conditions, and a conjecture about the optimal order for the mixed problem is made

A Model School Volunteer Program for Daniel Elementary School, Kent, Washington, School District

The purpose of this project was to develop a volunteer work force model for an elementary school serving preschool through sixth grade students. To accomplish this purpose, a review of current literature and research regarding school volunteer programs was examined; information and materials from selected existing elementary school volunteer programs was obtained and analyzed; additionally school staff, administrators, parents, and community members were polled regarding volunteerism. The model was designed for implementation at George T. Daniel Elementary in the Kent, Washington, School District

Modeling Thermal Stratification Effects in Lakes and Reservoirs

A brief overview of characteristics of stratified water bodies is followed by an in-depth analysis of the governing equations for modeling hydrodynamics and water quality. Equations are presented for continuity or the fluid mass balance; x-momentum, y-momentum, and z-momentum equations; mass constituent balance equation; the heat balance equation for temperature; and the equation of state (relating density to temperature and concentration of dissolved and suspended solids). Additional equations and simplifications such as the water surface equation and changes to the pressure gradient term are shown. Many of the assumptions that are made in water quality models are discussed and shown. Typical water quality source-sink terms for temperature, dissolved oxygen, algae, and nutrients are listed. A summary of some typical water quality models for lakes and reservoirs is shown. Two case studies showing how models can predict temperature and dissolved oxygen dynamics in stratified reservoirs are shown. The brief summary looks at ways to improve water quality and hydrodynamic models of lakes and reservoirs

Habitat Associations of Fish Species and their Assemblages in the Tonawanda and Johnson Creek Watersheds of Northwestern New York State

Stream fishes and their habitats were surveyed at 108 sampling sites to determine the status of the rare longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) and redfin shiner (Lythrurus umbratilis) in the Tonawanda (TCW) and Johnson Creek (JCW) watersheds of northwestern New York, May-September 2005. Of the \u3e27,500 individuals captured and 70 fish species identified, most were cyprinids, followed by centrarchids, catostomids, and percids. Each watershed revealed cyclic patterns and substantial variation in the longitudinal profiles of habitat and fish assemblage variables, especially at sites with anthropogenic disturbances. Fish assemblagees were easily delineated longitudinally in the two watersheds using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) but associating fish species and their assemblage variables (CPUE, fish richness, Simpson’s Diversity) with habitat variables was more challenging using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA: 62 associations, 27 species) and multiple linear regression (MLR: 80 associations, 47 species/33 assemblages) at 17 watershed and sub-watershed scales. In the more statistically rigorous MLR analyses, aquatic vegetation accounted for the greatest number of habitat associations (32%), followed by pool type, bank cover and substrate composition (16-17% each), suggesting that these habitat features may have been the most important to stream fishes in the study. In most cases, these finding were supported by the literature on stream fish ecology. Overall, fish species richness has remained relatively high and stable over time in both watersheds, even with ongoing localized disturbances occurring in the lower basins: NYS Barge (Erie) Canal, Batavia Dam (TCW) and Lyndonville Dam (JCW), as well as agricultural and suburban activities. New habitat associations were suggested for seven species. Findings from this study have already assisted with restoration efforts for the longear sunfish and may support future management of lesser known stream fishes in New York State

Amaila Falls Hydroelectric Project Model Development and Scenarios

The focus of this present study is to perform the following tasks: * Develop a hydrodynamic and water quality model of the reservoir formed by the Amaila Falls Hydroelectric Project * Develop and run modeling scenarios Water quality model simulations of the 23.3 km2 reservoir for Amaila Falls Hydroelectric Project were conducted for low, average, and high flow years. A scenario with no vegetation removed from the reservoir for an average flow was also simulated. Conditions downstream of the reservoir were also modeled using a river model. The model used for the reservoir formed by Amaila Falls Hydroelectric Project is the public domain model, CE-QUAL-W2

Should Collegiate Forensics Parent Organizations Take the Lead in Recruiting New Schools to the Speech Activity?

This paper argues that the health of college forensics could be greatly strengthened with increased membership. This paper also posits that forensics parent organizations on the state, regional, and national level are uniquely positioned to recruit new schools to the speech activity. Finally, this essay details plausible approaches for enticing and fostering new programs

Planning and Implementation of Physical Therapy Services in an Athletic Training Pro-Bono Clinic: An Administrative Case Report

Background & Purpose Athletic Training and Physical Therapy students have overlapping, yet unique aspects of clinical competencies and scopes of practice, offering rich potential for interprofessional partnership. University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) Doctor or Physical Therapy Education expanded its program to the University of Nebraska-Kearney (UNK) campus, which boasts a Division II athletic training (AT) program. To create meaningful IPE experiences for both programs (1,2), campus leaders from the UNMC College of Allied Health Professions and UNK sought to create an interprofessional clinic by adding PT care to an existing AT-led pro-bono clinic serving the University intramural recreation community. This project describes the process of integrating services with a focus on educating students in a team-based care model. Methods An administrative case report framework allows description of the development phases of the collaborative clinic. Details including AT and PT scope of practice, supervision requirements, liability coverage, and clinic resource needs are addressed. Operational considerations regarding student orientation, scheduling and programmatic outcomes assessment are also described. Results & Outcomes The outcomes of this clinic partnership are categorized in three key areas. Clarification of roles and responsibilities occurs as students work side-by-side to reach patient goals and lead different aspects of care. Relationships between clinicians, students and referral sources (in and out of clinic) build trust necessary for effective team function, improved communication and patient care. Relationship-building is key for continued clinic success and viability, simultaneously providing a springboard for both programs to meet the IPEC Core Competencies (3). Continued development of assessment of student learning is ongoing. Impressively, the clinic has experienced 157% growth in patient visits and an unexpected impact, reaching students representing ethnic minorities and a student population that is transitioning from school-based IEPs – and is underserved in this region and across the US (4). Conclusion Clinic growth and legal practice standards have highlighted the need to implement several new policies and procedures for clinic operations. Scheduling preferences for AT:PT ratios and pairing of Year 1/2 PT students are recommended to establish mentoring relationships and teaching opportunities for upper-level students. Developing a student board will help with scheduling, standardization of documentation and communication between disciplines to ensure well-rounded coverage, facilitating hand-offs and continuity of care. Providing students with ownership of clinic operations may enhance professional responsibility and learning (5)