Плазмохимический синтез и исследование оксидных композиций из водно-органических нитратных растворов самария, церия и магния

Будут определены составы смешанных водно-органических нитратных растворов самария, церия и магния, а также режимы их переработки в воздушной плазме, обеспечивающие плазмохимический синтез в воздушной плазме сложных наноразмерных оксидных композиций различного состава. Осуществлен плазмохимический синтез оксидных композиций в воздушно-плазменном потоке из диспергированных растворов ВОНР (водно органических нитратных растворов) и исследованы их физико-химические свойства. Установлены закономерности влияния массовой доли матрицы (оксид магния) на площадь удельной поверхности и размер получаемых оксидных композиций.The compositions of mixed water-organic nitrate solutions of samarium, cerium and magnesium will be determined, as well as the modes of their processing in air plasma, which provide plasma-chemical synthesis in air plasma of complex nanoscale oxide compositions of various compositions. Plasma-chemical synthesis of oxide compositions in an air-plasma stream from dispersed solutions of WONS (water-organic nitrate solutions) was carried out and their physical and chemical properties were studied. The regularities of the influence of the mass fraction of the matrix (magnesium oxide) on the specific surface area and the size of the resulting oxide compositions are established

The Role of Host Traits, Season and Group Size on Parasite Burdens in a Cooperative Mammal

The distribution of parasites among hosts is often characterised by a high degree of heterogeneity with a small number of hosts harbouring the majority of parasites. Such patterns of aggregation have been linked to variation in host exposure and susceptibility as well as parasite traits and environmental factors. Host exposure and susceptibility may differ with sexes, reproductive effort and group size. Furthermore, environmental factors may affect both the host and parasite directly and contribute to temporal heterogeneities in parasite loads. We investigated the contributions of host and parasite traits as well as season on parasite loads in highveld mole-rats (Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae). This cooperative breeder exhibits a reproductive division of labour and animals live in colonies of varying sizes that procreate seasonally. Mole-rats were parasitised by lice, mites, cestodes and nematodes with mites (Androlaelaps sp.) and cestodes (Mathevotaenia sp.) being the dominant ecto- and endoparasites, respectively. Sex and reproductive status contributed little to the observed parasite prevalence and abundances possibly as a result of the shared burrow system. Clear seasonal patterns of parasite prevalence and abundance emerged with peaks in summer for mites and in winter for cestodes. Group size correlated negatively with mite abundance while it had no effect on cestode burdens and group membership affected infestation with both parasites. We propose that the mode of transmission as well as social factors constrain parasite propagation generating parasite patterns deviating from those commonly predicted

Data for Meta-analysis testosterone and offspring sex-ratio

Data used for the publication of Maternal testosterone and offspring sex-ratio in birds and mammals: a meta-analysis by Merkling et al

Short and Concise Peer-to-Peer Teaching—Example of a Successful Antibiotic Stewardship Intervention to Increase Iv to Po Conversion

Antibiotic stewardship (ABS) programs aim to combine effective treatment with minimized antibiotic-related harms. Common ABS interventions are simple and effective, but their implementation in daily practice is often difficult. The aim of our study was to investigate if a single, short, peer-to-peer teaching intervention (junior doctor to junior doctor) during clinical routine can successfully improve antibiotic prescriptions. We performed a quasi-experimental before–after study on a regular care cardiology ward at a large academic medical center in Germany. We evaluated antibiotic use metrics retrospectively and calculated defined daily doses (DDD) with the anatomical therapeutic chemical/DDD classification system of the World Health Organization. We hypothesize that the over-representative use of intravenous administration is a potentially modifiable target, which can be proven by antibiotic use metrics analysis. After a single peer-to-peer teaching session with a focus on indications for iv to po conversion, the normalized percentage of intravenous compared to oral administration significantly decreased (from 86.5 ± 50.3% to 41.4 ± 70.3%). Moreover, after the intervention, antibiotics with high oral bioavailability were no longer administered intravenously at all during the following quarter. Our results indicate that even a single peer-to-peer training session is highly effective in improving the iv to po conversion rate in the short term