“Seriously, shit has to change.” Spatial Constraint Negotiation among Solo Female Travelers

Solo female travelers face many constraints to leisure, such as threats to their physical safety. Much research has examined how women negotiate constraints, and more research is starting to examine how a sense of empowerment and agency shapes action. This study sought to understand how solo female travelers manage risk, such as unwanted male attention and explicit male harassment while traveling solo. Analysis of discussion posts among women on an active solo female social media group revealed strikingly different ways women address and act toward risk. Results indicate that women either adopted an attitude and actions of precaution or a stance of violence and retaliation. A number of women chose to lie, assimilate, or ignore men

Completing Your Story: Explaining Your \u27Colorful\u27 Career History to Potential Employers

KATIE, A 26 year-old volunteer coordinator for an educational nonprofit, was on her fifth job since graduating from college and in the process of applying for a sixth. Her resume read like a magazine article for 20-somethings: Six jobs to try before 30! She had served as an AmeriCorps volunteer, an international volunteer, worked a seasonal job with a film institute, completed a contract for an environmental group, and finally settled into a volunteer coordinator position. Next up, she was applying for an outreach position with an environmental non-profit. Well qualified and with excellent references, her biggest challenge was explaining why she was on her fifth job in as many years

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationFamily leisure often occurs in ways that do not result in families accruing the suggested benefits of leisure. This study sought to examine the interactions that occur during family leisure and how such interactions might influence desired outcomes. Research was conducted from a systems perspective that looked at whole family interactions. Methods for this research included creating a literature review based model of family leisure, gathering interview data from three families, creating models for each family's leisure, and running simulations to examine how changes among elements might impact outcomes. This research found some support for interactions in the initial literature review model, but not for the entire model. Rather, results indicated that families may experience unique elements during their leisure, but that the need to negotiate constraints, increase focused interactions, and decrease fragmented interactions were constant among all families in this study. These findings resulted in a simplified model of family leisure. Finally, simulations provided some insight into the influence specific elements may have on family leisure. The study ended with a simplified model of family leisure, recommendations for practitioners, and suggestions for future research

Consider the Kirtland \u27s Warbler

This paper challenges the conventional wisdom of departments of parks and recreation raking sport management under their wing. Based on a review of the sport management literature and a polling of s port management and park and recreation educators, we argue that departments of parks and recreation are bur temporary refuges for migrarory sport management programs that eventually will want to build their ow n nests. Efforts to accommodate sport management only serve co undermine the mission of academic programs in parks and recreation by sapping resources, compromising the education of park and recreation majors, and eroding park and recreation faculty members\u27 sense of professional purpose

Tripping and Falling into the Future: An Eolithic Perspective

Thirty years ago, Dustin and McAvoy (1984) published an essay in Environmental Ethics titled Toward Environmental Eolithism. The article compared and contrasted two distinct orientations to environmental planning and management: the design mentality and the eolithic mentality. The authors concluded that the more popular design mentality lacked sufficient flexibility and adaptability to maximize performance, and that the more obscure eolithic mentality was a superior orientation to environmental planning and management. In this article we extend the logic of that Environmental Ethics essay to criticize a popular offshoot of the design mentality strategic planning as it is commonly conducted in the park and recreation administration, and then discuss how an eolithic perspective might complement the strategic planning process. We begin by describing the similarities between strategic planning and the design mentality as well as the shortcomings of strategic planning in a rapidly changing world. We then consider the eolithic mentality\u27s yin to strategic plannings yang. We stress the futility of planning for a future that cannot be predicted, and, consequently, how important it is for park and administrators to keep an open mind, be opportunistic,and take risks in a work world characterized by serendipity the discover of valuable but unforeseen opportunities that strategic planning, by its very nature, cannot anticipate. Finally, we conclude the article by discussing the management implications of both the design and eolithic orientations to park and recreation administration. We anchor our thinking in the management writings of Drucker (2001), Mintzberg\u27s critique of strategic planning (1994), the systems thinking of Meadows (2008) and Ackoff (1983, 1979), and the contributions of other forward-looking theorists renowned for their entrepreneurial spirit and proclivity for proactive leadership

Scaffolding: A Promising Approach to Fostering Critical Thinking

Many undergraduate students struggle when asked to engage in critical thinking. One approach we have found useful in fostering critical thinking is scaffolding, a process that involves the use of prompts, supports, and modeling to build a removable structure from which students can learn complex thinking skills. Through the development of these critical thinking skills, students are better able to analyze and formulate recommendations for real world applications. This paper discusses how to incorporate a critical thinking scaffold to guide the design and facilitation of a case-based learningdiscussed

Bridging the Sport and Recreation Divide

In this article we examine sport and recreation\u27s collaborative potential. We begin by identifying some differences between the two fields of study and by acknowledging what heretofore have been some inherent incompatibilities. We discuss how these differences and incompatibilities might be overcome through a paradigm shift based on the fields\u27 common appreciation of the importance of play. We then demonstrate the collaborative potential by illustrating the relevance of play to ameliorating the pervasive obesity problem confronting contemporary society. We conclude by suggesting that an alliance between sport and recreation may result in synergistic effects that strengthen their respective standing within higher education by enhancing contributions to public policy formation, opening new avenues for research, increasing opportunities for research funding, and improving academic offerings

Reflections on lnter-Species Parasitism: A Rejoinder to Gibson, Howard, McDonald, Wellman, and Rea

We read the reactions to our Kirrland\u27s Warbl r article with great interest, and we thank professors Gibson, Howard, McDonald, Wellman, and Rea for their thoughtful responses to it. We will continue employing the Kirtland\u27s warbler analogy in this rejoinder and organize our comments under four sub-headings: I) Birds of a Feather? 2) Feathering our own Nests? 3) Species Invasion and Succession? and 4) Bluebird of Happiness? Our intent is not so much to insist that the respondents are wrong about this matter, burro encourage the reader to ponder the implications if it turns out they are