Pharmacophore elements of the TIPP class of delta opioid receptor antagonists

A series of tri-and tetrapeptides sharing the amino-terminal dipeptide unit Tyr-Tic, found in the high-affinity delta opioid receptor antagonist Tyr-Tic-Phe-Phe (TIPP), was prepared and evaluated in receptor binding assays to explore the role(s) of the phenylalanine residues in positions 3 and 4. It was found that aromaticity of residues 3 and 4 is not required for high affinity, a lipophilic side chain in either location being sufficient, as evidenced by the high delta receptor binding affinities observed for the tetrapeptide Tyr-Tic-Ala-Leu and the tripeptide Tyr-Tic-Leu. These results support the suggestion of Temussi et al. [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 198 (1994) 933] that the aromatic side chain of the Tic residue corresponds to the aromatic side chain found in residues 3 or 4 in other delta-selective peptide series.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43172/1/10989_2004_Article_BF00126275.pd

Globalization, Electronic Empire, and the Virtual Geography of Korea’s Information and Telecommunications Infrastructure

The present study focuses on the electronic infrastructural condition for current global capitalism. This study briefly surveys the genealogy of globalization theories, focusing especially on Marxist interpretations of capital accumulation on a global scale. The study situates the historical- geographical condition of South Korea’s informatization in relation to the new world system which Hardt and Negri have described as ‘empire’, the replacement for classical imperialism. Based on this concept of ‘empire’, the article explores how Korea has been rapidly and successfully incorporated into the imperial network by mobilizing its citizens toward high-speed telecom mobility and connectivity across the country. It concludes, however, that behind Korea’s public image as a global IT leader, the other, darker side of Korea’s informatization is composed of the complex and intricate traits of the local, exhibited under extreme state interventionism and uneven geographies of central- ity and marginality