Induced optical activity in rhodopsin analogs

The Schiff's base derived from 11- retinaldehyde and ( has been synthesized and its CD spectrum measured. Schiff's bases derived from all- retinaldehyde and , and ()-2,2'-diamino-6,6'-dimethylbiphenyl were also prepared and their CD spectra recorded. The introduction of optical activity into the retinaldehyde moiety of these simple Schiff's bases could be explained in terms of a coupled oscillator mechanism. These results require that previous explanations of the 500 nm Cotton effect of rhodopsin be re-examined.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34102/1/0000384.pd

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Different strategies to improve lactic acid productivity based on microorganism physiology and optimum operating conditions

Despite the broad variety of substrates tested for lactic acid production, most of them have problems, even those with promising results. The use of sugar cane molasses appears as a viable alternative, allowing the development of high-performance lactic acid production with yeast extract. In this study, different strategies are proposed and evaluated to achieve high yield, productivity, and lactic acid concentrations considering the suitable association among strain physiology, osmotic stress, substrates, pH control, and fermentation operational parameters. With these strategies and using molasses as a substrate, it was possible to obtain a yield of 95%, with a productivity of 5.38 g L–1 h–1, and a titer of 157.95 g/L of lactic acid57311011810125FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2013/26290−