2 research outputs found

    Flood pulse are the main determinant of feeding dynamics and composition of Odontostilbe pequira (Characiformes: Characidae) in southern Pantanal, Brazil

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    Abstract Aim This study characterized the diet of Odontostilbe pequira in Porto Murtinho, Pantanal, Brazil, and evaluated the existence of spatial, temporal and ontogenetic variation in feeding. Methods A total of 303 individuals were analyzed from February 2009 through January 2010, and the alimentary index was used to quantify feeding items importance. Results Of the 88.7% of all stomachs analyzed that had contents, 78 prey items were identified, with a predominance of algae and microcrustaceans. Significant temporal and ontogenetic variation in diet dynamics and composition were detected. Of the prey items identified, 38.5% were associated with a specific sampling period. Conclusion The food intake and composition are mainly determined by water levels followed by ontogeny of O. pequira in southern Pantanal

    Co-digestão anaeróbia de dejetos de suínos, níveis de inclusão de óleo de descarte e microrganismos lipolíticos redução do impacto ambiental

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    The objective of this work for evaluating the potential of biogas and methane productions and still and reductions in levels of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the co-digestion anaerobic digestion in digesters fed with swine manure plus disposal of oil and lyophilized microorganisms. For assay development substrates were prepared containing 4% TS, consisting of swine manure, disposal oil (the proportions 8, 10 and 12% oil content in relation to the substrate TS), lyophilized microorganisms (Biol-2000 ® - concentrations of 10 g/m3 and 15 g/m3 ), water for dilution of this waste and inoculum for batch digesters supply. There was no significant difference with respect to reductions in TS, VS and NDF constituents, providing very significant reductions in average 54.14; 62.79 and 49.16% respectively. Regarding the potential of biogas production, the highest yields occurred in digesters supplied with 10% oil and 15 g/m3 of Biol®, being 0.43 and 0.54 L of biogas per kg of TS and VS added, respectively, similar results were found when assessed the potential for methane production, with higher values (0.22 and 0.27 L of methane per kg of TS added and VS, respectively) obitidos the same treatment. The inclusion of 15 g/m3 in Biol® substrate composition containing swine manure and 10% of oil improves the yields of biogas and methane.Objetivou-se com a execução deste trabalho avaliar as produções e potenciais de produção de biogás e metano e ainda as reduções dos teores de sólidos totais (ST), sólidos voláteis (SV) e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) do processo de co-digestão anaeróbia em biodigestores alimentados com dejetos de suínos acrescidos de óleo de descarte e microrganismos liofilizados. Para desenvolvimento do ensaio foram preparados substratos contendo 4% de S T, compostos por dejetos de suínos, óleo de descarte (nas proporções 8, 10 e 12% de óleo em relação aos teores de ST do substrato), microrganismos liofilizados (Biol® - nas concentrações de 10g/m3 e 15g/m3 ), água para diluição destes resíduos e inóculo para abastecimento de biodigestores batelada. Não houve diferença significativa com relação às reduções dos constituintes ST, SV e FDN, apresentando reduções bastante significativas, em média de 54,14; 62,79 e 49,16%, respectivamente. Com relação aos potenciais de produção de biogás, as maiores produções ocorreram nos biodigestores abastecidos com 10% de óleo e 15g/m3 de Biol®, sendo 0,43 e 0,54 L de biogás por kg de ST e SV adicionados, respectivamente, resultado semelhante foi encontrado quando avaliado o potencial de produção de metano, sendo os maiores valores obtidos (0,22 e 0,27 L de metano por kg de ST e SV adicionados, respectivamente) obitidos pelo mesmo tratamento. A inclusão de 15g/m3 de Biol® na composição de substratos contendo dejetos de suínos e 10 % de óleo melhora os rendimentos de biogás e metano
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