Reverse Logistics as Part of a Product Portfolio. Case: Freight Forwarder.

It is essential for every company to follow the market trends and the changing preferences of its customers in order to make necessary changes and adjustments. One of the recent trends is sustainable development, which is supported by the governments around the world as well as by the society, which forces companies to take actions to become more environmentally responsible. It includes becoming more resource efficient, produce less waste and take responsibility for the correct disposal of the products. All these drive the development of reverse logistics, therefore they create a growing demand for reverse logistics services. Thus, companies offering logistics services should satisfy growing demand for reverse logistics. In this research the case of DSV, the freight forwarding company, will be considered. The research seeks to identify benefits of including reverse logistics in the product portfolio. For this purpose the new service development process is investigated and appropriate framework for the study is selected. Further, the external and internal conditions for developing reverse logistics as a new service are analysed. Analysis of external conditions includes customer questionnaire, competitors’ offering analysis and research of external environment using STEEP framework. Analysis of internal conditions include in-depth interview with employees and evaluation of DSV’s resources necessary for providing reverse logistics services

Determination of thermal load in film cooled bipropellant thrust chambers by an inverse method

A method to obtain the heat load on the internal wall of a rocket thrust chamber using an inverse problem approach is described. According to the “classical” approach, the heat load on the internal wall of the chamber is assumed as the product of a heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference of adiabatic wall temperature and local wall surface temperature. The time-dependent temperature distribution of the external wall of the thruster chamber is used to obtain empirical curve fittings to the temperature profile of the near wall flow field (adiabatic wall temperature) and the heat transfer coefficient profile. The applicability of the method is verified by applying it to three different problems; a model problem, an analytical solution, and a set of experimental data

Comparison of frequency, field, and time domain ferromagnetic resonance methods

We present vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance measurements of epitaxial Fe films having a thickness of 16 monolayers. Our objective is to test the reliability of this novel frequency domain technique with respect to frequency and damping. For this purpose we compare vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance to pulsed inductive microwave magnetometry, time resolved magnetooptic Kerr effect (both methods in the time domain), and conventional ferromagnetic resonance (measured in the field domain) in terms of position and width of the ferromagnetic resonance. In addition, we compare the various techniques with respect to the signal to noise ratio of the raw data. All data is obtained using the same well characterized ultrathin magnetic Fe/GaAs (0 0 1) film. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of the vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance technique for the investigation of nano-structured magnetic elements having nonuniform magnetization configuration. The absorption spectrum of Permalloy disks with a diameter of 200 nm and a thickness of 15 nm shows up to eight distinct resonance peaks. The spatial structure of the corresponding modes was derived from numerical calculations and reveals that azimuthal modes up to the fifth order have been observed inductively. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ПРИВОДА КОНИЧЕСКОЙ ТРИБОСИСТЕМЫ УСТАНОВКИ ШВЕДСКОЙ ФИРМЫ «КАМЮР»

The influence on the reliability, service life and suitable for repair p-tutela conical tribological system the following operating and design parameters: the magnitude of the gap in the feeder at the compensation level solace in the feed pipe, the amplitude of the oscillations of the rotor by the action of water hammer, the amplitude of the axial movement of the rotor in the compensation gap, especially wear of the mating parts of the feeder. Stated that 80% of the surface of the parts feeder conical tribosystem perform functions, as is the boot and shut-off devices. 20% provide rigidity and strength of frame of the feeder and provide Autonomous operation of the two conical sections of the tribological system. Define a rational and constructive process option, and operation of mating parts tapered tribosystem Swedish company Kamyr.Исследовано влияние на надежность, срок службы и ремонтопригодность питателя конической трибосистемы следующих эксплуатационных и конструктивных параметров: величины зазора в питателе при компенсации, уровня щелочи в питательной трубе, величины амплитуды колебания ротора под действием гидроударов, амплитуды осевого перемещения ротора при компенсации зазора, особенности износа сопрягаемых деталей питателя. Указано, что 80% поверхностей деталей питателя конической трибосистемы выполняют функции как загрузочного, так и запорного устройства, 20% обеспечивают жесткость и прочность каркаса питателя и автономную работу двух секций конической трибосистемы. Определены рациональные конструктивные и эксплуатационные параметры сопрягаемых деталей конической трибосистеми шведской фирмы «Камюр»

Surface Corrosion of Ti-16Si-4B Powder Alloy Implanted With Nitrogen by Plasma-Based Technique

Titanium materials with a new ternary phase, Ti(6)Si(2)B, can be manufactured by high-energy ball milling and further sintering of titanium, silicon, and boron powders. In this paper, hot pressing was chosen to compact the granules and then prevent high porosity and grain coarsening during sintering. Subsequently, the surface of the Ti-16Si-4B (at.%) alloy was modified by nitrogen ion implantation using a plasma immersion technique. The marine corrosion behavior of this powder alloy was studied in this paper. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed on the powders and alloys in order to observe phase compositions and morphologies. The morphology of sample surfaces was also observed by utilizing an atomic force microscope. The concentration profile of the detected elements has been investigated using Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling. The results show that a shallow nitrogen-rich layer was obtained after implantation treatment. Potentiodynamic analyses showed that, with the nitrogen insertion, there is a significant reduction of the anodic current in almost the whole potential spam explored, meaning that the corrosion rate decreases when ion implantation is performed.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Biased Atmospheric, Sub-Atmospheric, and Low-Pressure Air Plasmas for Material Surface Improvements

This paper deals with some important aspects of recent research related to atmospheric, sub-atmospheric (SA), and low-pressure plasmas. It calls attention to the definition of the pressure ranges in which they are divided to avoid misconceptions in the literature. Pulsed bias applied to elements inside the plasma can lead to important effects such as ion implantation, nitriding, sputtering, heating, and diffusion, which can result in some of the effective applications in surface engineering such as plasma immersion ion implantation (PI3), plasma nitriding, magnetron sputtering, and so on. Electric fields are essential for the production of different types of plasma, either ac, dc, or pulsed ones, as seen in RF, self-sustained, glow, and high-voltage glow discharges, for example. The interrelation between the bias pulse, mean-free path, and Paschen law is examined, seeking for further improvement of processing of the material surface being used in many modern technologies. Results on PI3 in the low and near SA pressures, as well as their applications in metals, are also discussed.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq