Aquele evento, esta memória: notas sobre a antropologia das diásporas africanas no Novo Mundo

Neste artigo de 1991, David Scott analisa importantes marcos da antropologia estadunidense acerca dos povos de ascendência africana no Novo Mundo: o trabalho de Melville Herskovits, nos anos 1920 a 1940, e o de Richard Price, nos anos 1970 e 1980 – dando ênfase às pesquisas de ambos entre os Saamaka do Suriname, que figuram como “uma espécie de metonímia antropológica” nas discussões sobre a diáspora africana nas Américas. Scott buscará compreender como a “ciência da cultura” fundada por Boas construiu “o Negro do Novo Mundo” como objeto teórico e passou a fornecer o vocabulário autorizado capaz de identificá-lo e de representá-lo. O autor tece críticas ao modo como tal antropologia constrói uma narrativa de continuidades entre memórias precisas no presente e os tropos “África” e “escravidão” em passados autênticos e verificáveis, para depois propor aquelas que considera serem as tarefas teóricas adequadas para o complexo campo discursivo da “tradição”

Large-scale unit commitment under uncertainty: an updated literature survey

The Unit Commitment problem in energy management aims at finding the optimal production schedule of a set of generation units, while meeting various system-wide constraints. It has always been a large-scale, non-convex, difficult problem, especially in view of the fact that, due to operational requirements, it has to be solved in an unreasonably small time for its size. Recently, growing renewable energy shares have strongly increased the level of uncertainty in the system, making the (ideal) Unit Commitment model a large-scale, non-convex and uncertain (stochastic, robust, chance-constrained) program. We provide a survey of the literature on methods for the Uncertain Unit Commitment problem, in all its variants. We start with a review of the main contributions on solution methods for the deterministic versions of the problem, focussing on those based on mathematical programming techniques that are more relevant for the uncertain versions of the problem. We then present and categorize the approaches to the latter, while providing entry points to the relevant literature on optimization under uncertainty. This is an updated version of the paper "Large-scale Unit Commitment under uncertainty: a literature survey" that appeared in 4OR 13(2), 115--171 (2015); this version has over 170 more citations, most of which appeared in the last three years, proving how fast the literature on uncertain Unit Commitment evolves, and therefore the interest in this subject