FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NASAL IN-SITU GEL OF FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE

Objective: Over a few decades, advances in the in-situ gel technologies have spurred development in may medical and biomedical applications including controlled drug delivery. For locally acting intra nasal drugs, an extended residence time in the nasal cavity is desirable and related to a prolonged effect. The aim of the present work was to design a nasal delivery system with improved mucoadhesive properties that could provide prolonged retention time for the treatment of the allergic rhinitis.Methods: A 32 factorial design was used to investigate the effect of the amount of Poloxamer 188 and carbopol 934 as independent variables. % drug release and mucoadhesive strength were taken as dependent variables. The formulations were tested for gelation study, viscosity study, gel strength, mucoadhesion study, drug content and stability study. Gelation was determined by physical appearance, viscosity study of solution and gel formulations indicated that increase in polymer concentration increase the viscosity.Results: Gel strength was found in the range of 0.55-2.36 sec. The mucoadhesive force in terms of detachment stress increase with an increase in the concentration of carbopol 934. A stability study for optimized formulation as per ICH guideline for 90 d showed no change in pH, drug content and viscosity.Conclusion: The developed in-situ gelling system for Fluticasone Propionate using poloxamer188 in combination with carbopol 934 with improved mucoadhesive properties that could provide prolonged retention time for the treatment of allergic rhinitis

NEEDLE-FREE INJECTION SYSTEM

Needle free injection system are to introduce the various medicines into patients without piercing the skin with a conventional needle. Needle-free technology offers the many benefit of reducing patient concern about the use of needle. Needle free injection is the very effective injections a wide range of drugs and bioequivalent to syringe and needle. It results in less pain, and is strongly preferred by patients. Additional benefits include very fast injection compared with conventional needles and no needle disposal issues. Not only benefit of the pharmaceutical industry to the increasing product sales, it has the added potential to increase compliance with dosage regimens and improved outcomes. Today, they are a steadily developing technology that promises to make the administration of medicine more efficient and less painful

A REVIEW ON: ATRIGEL–THE MAGICAL TOOL

The widely effective and most common form of drug delivery is parenteral administration for active drug substances with poor bio-availability and the drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. Though parenteral administration of drug is often critical and associated with problems such as limited number of acceptable excipients, stringent requirements of aseptic production process, safety issues, patient noncompliance. Still this route maintains its value due to special advantages like quicker onset of action in case of emergency, target the drug quickly to desired site of action, prevention of first pass metabolism etc. The application of advanced drug delivery technology to parenteral administration lead to development of liposomes, nanosuspensions, solid implants etc. to overcome limitations of conventional parenteral delivery. Solid implants are reported to produce very reproducible release profiles. However, because of their size, they require surgical implantation or the use of large trochars to administer the product. Delivery systems consisting of microparticles can be injected into the body using conventional needles and syringes and have been the most widely accepted biodegradable polymer system for parenteral use. However, the manufacturing processes for microparticles are often complex and difficult to control leading to batch-to-batch product non uniformity. These methods of administration often limit the product's market potential due to patient and physician acceptance issues. Therefore, a delivery system that combines the simplicity and reliability of solid implant devices alongwith convenience and ease of administration of microparticles is desired. In situ gel forming systems represent a desired alternate. This article gives the idea about In situ gel forming system to provide drug release in sustained release manner

A RECENT REVIEW ON NASAL MICROEMULSION FOR TREATMENT OF CNS DISORDER

Nasal route is found to be valuable for targeting drugs to CNS via a different mechanism. The advantages, disadvantages, various aspects of nasal anatomy and physiology, mechanism of drug transport from nose brain, drug selection criteria to cross BBB/Blood-CSF barrier are discussed briefly. Nowadays many drugs have better systemic bioavailability through nasal route as compared to oral administration. In addition, intranasal drug delivery enables dose reduction, rapid attainment of therapeutic blood levels, quicker onset of pharmacological activity, and fewer side effects. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site. One such approach is using microemulsion as a carrier for the drug. The main purpose of this study is the use of microemulsion technology in drug targeting to the brain along with mechanism of the nose to brain transport, formulation and formation of the microemulsion and its characterization

SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF PIOGLITAZONE USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE

Objective: To design the study to improve the solubility and hence enhance the dissolution of hydrophobic drug Pioglitazone in order to increase its bioavailability.Methods: Solid dispersion of Pioglitazone using carriers Poloxomer 188 and HPβCD was formulated in different ratios by microwave induced fusion method. In particular, the Microwave technology has been considered in order to prepare an enhanced release dosage form for poorly water soluble drug Pioglitazone. Statistical Analysis: Their physicochemical characteristics and solubility were compared to the corresponding dispersions and marketed drug. Drug and polymer were further characterized by FTIR.Results: The results of FTIR revealed that no chemical interaction between the drug and the polymer exist.Conclusion: All the formulations showed a marked increase in drug release with the increase in the concentration of Poloxomer 188 and HPβCD.Â

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AZILSARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND CHLORTHALIDONE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM

Objective: A simple, precise, accurate method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of azilsartan and chlorthalidone in bulk and tablet dosage form by RP-HPLC technique.Methods: Acetonitrile and water in the ratio of (70:30) pH 2.8 used as mobile phase run through (Cosmosil C18 (4.6ID x 250 mm, Particle size: 5 micron) column with a flow rate of 0.9 ml/min. The temperature of the column oven was maintained at 30 °C. Wavelength was selected 244 nm. Stock and working solutions were prepared by using the diluents water and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50. Runtime was fixed to 9 min.Results: Chlorthalidone and azilsartan were eluted at 2.02 and 3.92 with good resolution the plate count, tailing factor and all system suitability parameters are within ICH range. Azilsartan Medoxomil and Chlorthalidone were found to be linear low in concentration range of 80-400μg/ ml and 25-125μg/ ml respectively in the linearity study, regression equation and coefficient of correlation for Azilsartan Medoxomil and Chlorthalidone were found to be (y = 28695x+15397 r²=0.995) and (y=13444+27405 r² = 0.996) Percentage recovery for both Azilsartan Medoxomil and Chlorthalidone was found in range of 99.89%-99.96% indicating accuracy of the proposed work. Assay of the tablet was performed and found as 100.15%.Conclusion: All the parameters were within the ICH guidelines, and the method was economical and simple as retention times were less than in literature and decreased run time

EMERGING THERAPY FOR DENGUE

Dengue fever is acute febrile diseases, it's caused by one of four closely related virus serotypes of the genusare Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Each serotype is sufficiently different that there is no cross-protection and epidemics caused by multiple serotypes can occurs. It's transmitted to humans by the mosquito. The incidence of dengue has grown around the world in recent a period of ten years. However, several classes of agents are in under investigation as potential anti-dengue drugs, including direct host modulators, antivirals, and RNAi therapeutics. These anti-dengue drugs in development will be reviewed here

MORINGA OLEIFERA AS A PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENT

Plant gums and mucilages are being used due to their abundance in nature, safety and economy. Additives play an important role in pharmaceutical preparations like tablet, lotions, suspensions, syrups and ointments. Recent trends towards the use of the natural and nontoxic products which demand the replacement of synthetic excipients with natural ones. Moringaoleifera gum has good mucoadhesive polymer, disintegrating agent and binder. Moringa Oleiferagum show that it has high potential for industrial application especially in the food, textile and pharmaceutical industries

REVIEW ARTICLE: SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT BY SOLID DISPERSION

Enhancement of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of the drug is a very challenging task in drug development, nearly 40% of the new chemical entities currently being discovered are poorly water soluble drugs. The solubility behaviour of the drugs remains one of the most challenging aspects in formulation development. This results in important products not reaching the market or not achieving their full potential. Solid dispersion is one of the techniques adopted for the formulation of such drugs and various methods are used for the preparation of solid dispersion. Solid dispersion is generally prepared with a drug which is having poor aqueous solubility and hydrophilic carrier. This article review various methods and concept of solid dispersion, criteria for drug selection, advantage and disadvantage, characterization, and application

REVIEW: FAST DISSOLVING TABLET

Fast dissolving tablets is one of the most widely accepted dosage forms and also most popular dosage form, especially for pediatric patients because of incomplete development of the muscular and nervous system and a case of geriatric patients suffering from Parkinson's disorder or hand tremors. Some solid dosage forms like tablets and capsules are present days facing the problems like difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia), resulting in many incidences of non-compliance and making the therapy ineffective. Oral dosage form and oral route are the most preferred route of administration for various drugs have limitations like the first-pass metabolism. Fast dissolving tablets are one of them. FDT have benefits such as accurate dosing, easy portability and manufacturing, good physical and chemical stability and an ideal alternative for pediatric and geriatric patients. Some tablets are designed to dissolve fastly in saliva, within a few seconds, and are true fast-dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate