Chemical analysis of soluble fractions from normal and autolysed rabbit liver by column chromatography

Chromatography on Sephadex G-200 was performed with the soluble fraction of homogenated rabbit liver, which was extracted with 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 0.1 M NaCl. and the influences of autolysis on the soluble fraction of liver were also examined. The soluble fraction of liver was different from serum in molecular weight, in electrophoretic character and in components with sedimentation coefficients. The soluble fraction of liver was stable under the influence of Mg and K ions, and rather unstable in the presence of Na ions. Serum was fractionated in three main peaks. The soluble fraction of liver was fractionated in a similar pattern as of serum, but the first peak contained nucleic acid and lipoprotein. The second contained albumin. 32p radioactivity peaks of the stored sample appeared with change in patterns by autolysis from the original, and were observed wide based and continuous figures in retarded peaks. The correlations with the first peak and retarded peaks were represented by the analysis of phosphorus compounds and electrophoresis. In lipid analysis, both diglyceride and monoglyceride gradually decreased, and phospholipid pattern was observed to increase in retarded peaks by autolysis. Lipoprotein or lipid-albumin complex was gradually converted to smaller molecular weight compounds, and appeared in retarded peaks.</p

I. ウォーラーステインによる「社会科学」批判について

本稿では、I. ウォーラーステインが主に１９９０年代の著作で提示した、「社会科学」への批判作業について検討し、それが、社会学における社会変動理論や、社会福祉学の理論的-歴史的研究に対して持つ重要なインプリケーションについて考察する。彼の社会科学批判における最も重要な論点は以下の通り。［１］「社会」概念のあいまいさとその暗黙の「国家」概念への関連に対する批判。［２］「一国単位の単線的な近代化論」、「発展段階論」等への批判。［３］「個性記述的歴史学」と「法則定立的社会科学」が対立している状況への批判。［４］「国家／市場／社会」及び「政治学／経済学／社会学」のトリニティーへの批判。［５］社会科学における価値中立性の規範への批判。The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the criticism of social science offered by I. Wallerstein, and to inspect its important implications for sociology and study of social policy in Japan. Most important points in his critique of social science are as follows : [1] criticism of obscurity of concept of society and its implicit link to concept of state, [2] criticism of the "one-state\u27s-society oriented modernization theories" and the "developmentalisms", [3] criticism of the "Methodenstreit" between "ideographic historical studies" and "nomothetic social science", [4] criticism of the holy trinity of "state/market/society" and the trinity of "politics/economics/sociology", [5] criticism of the concept of value-neutrality in social science

Field-of-View IoU for Object Detection in 360{\deg} Images

360{\deg} cameras have gained popularity over the last few years. In this paper, we propose two fundamental techniques -- Field-of-View IoU (FoV-IoU) and 360Augmentation for object detection in 360{\deg} images. Although most object detection neural networks designed for the perspective images are applicable to 360{\deg} images in equirectangular projection (ERP) format, their performance deteriorates owing to the distortion in ERP images. Our method can be readily integrated with existing perspective object detectors and significantly improves the performance. The FoV-IoU computes the intersection-over-union of two Field-of-View bounding boxes in a spherical image which could be used for training, inference, and evaluation while 360Augmentation is a data augmentation technique specific to 360{\deg} object detection task which randomly rotates a spherical image and solves the bias due to the sphere-to-plane projection. We conduct extensive experiments on the 360indoor dataset with different types of perspective object detectors and show the consistent effectiveness of our method

わが国におけるソーシャルワーク教育とその課題

日本のソーシャルワーク教育は多くの課題を抱えている。本稿では特にソーシャルワークとケアワークについての関係の明確化とソーシャルワーク実習教育の内容について論考した。そして、次のような結論を得た。ソーシャルワークとケアワークの定義は統合されるべきである。教育はこれを前提に行われるべきである。またソーシャルワーク実習教育は実習時間を大幅に増やすことと、実習指導者の資格認定が必要である。その結果、大学等での社会福祉教育はより実践的なものになろう。Japan\u27s collage education for social work has a lot of problems. In this paper, we discussed about the difference of social work and care work. Especially we rethink about the definitions of both of them and about contents of the social work practice teaching. Conclusions are as follows : The definitions of social work and care work must be integrated, and the social work education should be organized on that presupposition. Also, practice time for social work shall be increased substantially, and the certification of the practice instructor is necessary. As a result, the collage social work education will be more practical

COVID-19 and the Political Economy of the “September School Year Start” in Japan: Overlooked Victims and Foregone Revenues

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a“September School Year Start”has become a central topic of discussion in Japan. While the pros and cons of changing a conventional academic calendar have been raised, two important aspects have been largely disregarded: foregone earnings of new graduates and relevant tax revenues. We therefore analyse national statistics on the number of new graduates as overlooked victims and their expected monthly wages in conjunction with tax payment, revealing that a September Start would force new graduates to give up approximately 715.7 billion yen, which leads to 87.6 billion yen foregone tax revenues for the government. This means both individuals and the society would lose a certain amount of financial resources by merely introducing a September Start. Considering other policy options are available should national budgets equivalent to foregone tax revenues be mobilised, it is essential for policy makers to examine cost-benefit of both a September Start and alternatives so that they make a sound decision. Although the primary focus of this article is on a September Start and its consequences, the said approach with close attention to scientific evidence rather than abstract notions is now required for the effective education policy-making and beyond