Study of Kinetic and Electromyography of Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses while Walking and Stair Descending

本研究の目的は、「装具なし」、「プラスチック製短下肢装具」(以下、P-AFO)、「摩擦制動継手付短下肢装具 (ドリームブレース : Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses)」(以下、DP-AFO) 装着の3条件で、装具装着側下肢の力学的および筋電図学的解析を行うことである。インフォームド・コンセントの得られた健常成人を対象に、一側下肢の足部に装具を装着し、平地歩行および階段降り動作を行った。使用機器は、三次元動作解析装置および床反力計を使用し、装具装着側下肢の関節角度、関節モーメントの測定および筋電図の記録を行った。解析は、装具装着側下肢が床面および階段面に接地している区間を3条件で比較検討した。その結果、ドリームブレースは、正常歩行に近似した関節角度、関節モーメントおよび筋活動を再現していることが明らかになった。The purpose of this study was to investigate a kinetic and electromyogram analysis of the Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses (DP-AFO) while walking and descending staircases. One healthy adult participated in this study. DP-AFO was attached to one of the legs of the subject, assuming that the limb was affected. The movement was measured with 3D motion analysis system (VICON 512) and force plates (AMTI). We compared the state of the limb, when the foot was touching the floor or the stair. As a result, it was clarified that the DP-AFO reproduces the joint angle, the joint moment, and the EMG activities of normal walking

Students’ self-directed learning activities during the OSCE preparation period

This study aimed to clarify the self-directed learning activities of students in preparation for the OSCE, while examining the influences of such an examination on all students’ recognition of learning. A questionnaire survey was conducted, involving students who took the OSCE. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions; the first one regarded <students’ recognition of their own self-directed learning activities>, followed by those regarding cognitive domain, aff ective domain, psychomotor domain, and self-effi cacy. Based on responses to the first question, students who were not sufficiently performing selfdirected learning activities were identifi ed at the beginning, and, focusing on changes in their self-directedness, they were classifi ed into the following 2 groups at the end of the OSCE preparatory period: those who maintained a passive attitude; and those whose selfdirectedness was enhanced. At the beginning of the period, 48.1% of all students recognized that they were not sufficiently performing self-directed learning activities. While self-directedness was subsequently enhanced in the majority of such students, 16.2% （7.8% of all students） maintained a passive attitude until the end. On comparison between the beginning and end of the period, the recognition of learning was signifi cantly enhanced in all questions in all those whose self-directedness increased during the period. In contrast, in those who maintained a passive attitude toward learning, such improvement was observed for 4 questions, excluding the <recognition of self-directed learning activities>. Furthermore, in all students who took the OSCE, a significant enhancement of recognition was observed for all questions regarding the knowledge and skills necessary for clinical training at the end of the period.本研究の目的は、OSCEの実施準備期間に学習活動の主体性が低い学生に着目しその傾向を把握することと、OSCEの実施が受講学生全体の学習自覚にどう影響しているかについて明らかにすることである。対象と方法は、OSCEを受講した77名の学生に対するアンケート調査とした。質問は15項目で、最初に主体的な学習活動の自覚を質問し、以降、「認知領域」「情意領域」「精神運動領域」に関する項目と自己効力感について質問した。また、全対象学生から学習活動の主体性が低い学生に対象を絞り、さらに、終了時まで主体性が低く留まった学生と終了時には主体性が上昇した学生に分け、分析対象とした。開始時に主体性が低いと自覚していた学生は全体の48.1％であり、そのうちの多くは終了時に主体性が上昇したが、16.2％（全体の7.8％）の学生は継続して主体性が低く留まった。それぞれの学生の学習期間の開始時と終了時の比較では、主体性が上昇した学生は全ての項目で有意に自覚の上昇が認められ、主体性が低く留まった学生では「主体的な学習活動の自覚」を除き4 項目で有意に自覚の上昇が認められた。また、OSCE受講全学生における学習期間前後の比較では、臨床実習に必要な知識や技術を反映する項目の全てにおいて有意に自覚の上昇が認められた

Feasibility Study for NITE SiC/SiC as the Target Material for Pions/Muons Production at High-Power Proton Accelerator Facilities

The feasibility study for Nano-Infiltration and Transient Eutectic phase process SiC/SiC (NITE SiC/SiC)NITE SiC/SiC as a potential novel target material for pions/muons production at high-power proton accelerators facilities is in progress. Compared with graphite that is the principal target material for pions/muons production, higher transport efficiency and higher oxidation resistance can be expected. However, the residual radiation dose of NITE SiC/SiC is 400 times higher than that of graphite a year after the irradiation. To validate the simulation, the residual radionuclides of the irradiated samples have been analyzed by gamma-ray spectroscopy. To understand the thermal shock behavior, NITE-SiC/SiC was included in the HRMT35 experiment at CERN’s HiRadMat facility. In these studies, NITE SiC/SiC is proved to be a promising material for pions/muons production with the higher transport efficiency and the oxidation resistance, though the maintenance scenario has to be carefully designed due to higher residual radiation dose. The thermal shock resistance and proton-irradiation resistance of NITE SiC/SiC will be confirmed to be applied for the pions/muons production

Status of the Superomega Muon Beam Line at J-PARC

AbstractSuperomega muon beamline is currently under construction at Experimental hall No. 2 of Materials and Life Science Facility at J-PARC in Tokai, Japan. The beamline has a large solid angle acceptance, and will produce the highest intensity pulsed muon beam in the world. The beamline is designed to capture both surface positive and cloud negative muons for simultaneous use in a variety of experiments. The expected rate of surface muons for this beamline is 4×108μ+/s, and that for cloud muons is 107μ−/s. The beamline consists of the normal-conducting capture solenoid, the superconducting curved transport solenoid and axial focusing solenoid. The construction of the capture solenoid has been completed and installed in March 2009, and the transport solenoid is now fabricated, and will be installed by the end of 2011. The conceptual design of the axial focusing solenoid is completed, and the mechanical design is underway