A Case of Orbital Xanthogranuloma Treated by Surgical Excision

Orbital xanthogranuloma is an uncommon tumor. It is usually associated with a systemic or hematological disease. This report presents a rare case of orbital xanthogranuloma associated with heart disease and thrombocytopenia. A 52-year-old female presented with a bilateral periorbital subcutaneous tumor that had existed for 3 years. Although immunoglobulin levels were within the normal limits, thrombocytopenia, slight anemia and increased levels of C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase were observed. The mass was excised successfully. The malar flap elevation technique made it easy to approach the periorbital subcutaneous mass. A histopathological study led to a diagnosis of xanthogranuloma based on the presence of infiltration of histiocytes and Touton-type giant cells

Activation of AMPK-Regulated CRH Neurons in the PVH is Sufficient and Necessary to Induce Dietary Preference for Carbohydrate over Fat

Food selection is essential for metabolic homeostasis and is influenced by nutritional state, food palatability, and social factors such as stress. However, the mechanism responsible for selection between a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) and a high-fat diet (HFD) remains unknown. Here, we show that activation of a subset of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-positive neurons in the rostral region of the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) induces selection of an HCD over an HFD in mice during refeeding after fasting, resulting in a rapid recovery from the change in ketone metabolism. These neurons manifest activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) during food deprivation, and this activation is necessary and sufficient for selection of an HCD over an HFD. Furthermore, this effect is mediated by carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1c (CPT1c). Thus, our results identify the specific neurons and intracellular signaling pathway responsible for regulation of the complex behavior of selection between an HCD and an HFD

馬蹄鉄腎に発生した腎盂腫瘍の1例

40歳男性, 患者は馬蹄鉄腎と左尿管結石で経過観察中に無症候性血尿で著者らの施設を受診することになった.所見では, 膀胱鏡にて左の尿管口から血尿の流出を認め, 静脈性腎盂造影, 逆行性腎盂造影, CT, MRIでは左腎上極に腎盂腫瘍が認められた.そのため左腎尿管摘除術, 峡部切除術および膀胱部分切除術を施行し, その際, 峡部切除においてマイクロ波組織凝固装置を使用した.峡部切除断端からは出血と尿流出がほとんど認められず, 術後経過良好で退院となったA 40-year-old man with asymptomatic gross hematuria visited our hospital. He had been followed up on the horseshoe kidney and left ureteral stone. Cystoscopy revealed a flow of gross hematuria from the left orifice. Drip infusion pyelography, retrograde pyelography, abdominal computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a renal pelvic mass in the upper pole of left kidney. Left nephroureterectomy and isthmusectomy and partial cystectomy were done. A microwave tissue coagulator (Microtaze AZM-520, AZWELL) was used to divide the isthmus. There was very little bleeding and leakage of urine from the divided isthmus. The postoperative course was favorable

膀胱内に発生した傍神経節腫の1例

49歳男性.患者は肉眼的血尿を主訴に来院となった.所見では, 持続する高血圧や排尿後の高血圧は認められなかったものの, 膀胱鏡にて腫瘍が認められ, 経尿道的膀胱腫瘍切除術を施行した.切除標本の病理診断は傍神経節腫であった.尚, 血中のカテコラミンはほぼ正常範囲内であり, 経尿道的膀胱腫瘍切除術中に高血圧発作を起こすことはなく, 非機能性の傍神経節腫であった.術後5ヵ月経過現在, 再発を認められていないThe case of a 49-year-old male patient with paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is presented here. The patient's only complaint was of gross hematuria: sustained hypertension and post-micturitional hypertension were not presented. Transurethral resection was performed to diagnose the bladder tumor. Pathological examination resulted in the diagnosis that the resected tissue was a paraganglioma. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and iodine-131-labeled metaiodbenzylguanidine scintigraphy revealed that the tumor was a primary paraganglioma in the urinary bladder. Plasma concentrations of the catecholamines were virtually within the normal limits. Hypertensive crisis was not revealed during the transurethral resection. The tumor was non-functional. Partial cystectomy was performed. The patient has remained disease-free for five months after surgery

CH3/Jms 系マウスにおける実験的鼠ライ菌感染におよぼす溶連菌製剤 OK-432 の効果

Streptococcal preparation, OK-432, was examined for its therapeutic effect on experimental infection due to Mycobacterium lepraemurium (Mlm) in mice, When C3H/Jms mice (Mlm-sensitive strain) were infected with 10^8 Mlm to the left hind footpad, weekly injections of OK-432 via the peritoneal route (0.1 mg dry weight per injection), it considerably enhanced elimination of organisms from the infection site during the first 6 weeks, and thereafter suppressed the growth of organisms during 6 to 23 weeks after infection. In contrast, weekly injections of OK-432 to the infection site (left hind footpad) resulted in the enhanced growth of Mlm in the infection site, indicating that multiple injections of OK-432 to the infection site might generate suppressor cells and/or antagonizing factors against the host defense mechanisms to Mlm

Streptococcus pyogenes の M protein のマクロファージ機能に及ぼす効果

Streptococcal M protein was studied to ascertain its effect on macrophage functions such as oxidative metabolism, phagocytosis, and microbicidal activity. No significant stimulating activity of M protein against macrophage functions such as H2O2 or O2- releasing ability in response to phorbol myristate acetate triggering was noted. M protein did not enhance the macrophage-mediated host risistance to infection with Listeria monocytogenes. However, macrophages elicited with M protein showed a somewhat more enhanced phagocytic activity than did the resident macrophages