77 research outputs found

    Social Awareness from Analysis of Available Time for Automated External Defibrillators in a City

    Full text link
    Murata T., Fukushima A., Harada T., et al. Social Awareness from Analysis of Available Time for Automated External Defibrillators in a City. 2021 5th IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics, CYBCONF 2021, 45 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1109/CYBCONF51991.2021.9464135.In this paper, we conduct an investigation of available time for automated external defibrillators (AED) in a Japanese city. In Japan, there are about 600,000 AEDs available in cities or towns, but only 4.9% of AEDs are used by bystanders when citizens suffer a sudden cardiac arrest. One reason of such low usage rate comes from their available time. Since many AEDs are installed by business owners, they are not available when their business is closed. We investigate the available time of AEDs in a Japanese city, Takatsuki, Osaka Japan. The number of AEDs that are available 24 hours can be increased by installing new AEDs in 24-hour convenience stores and a koban that is a small police station with policemen

    Validity and reproducibility of folate and vitamin B12 intakes estimated from a self-administered diet history questionnaire in Japanese pregnant women

    Get PDF
    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>No validated dietary questionnaire for assessing folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>intakes during pregnancy is available in Japan. We evaluated the validity and reproducibility of intakes of folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>estimated from a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) in Japanese pregnant women.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A sample of 167 healthy subjects with singleton pregnancies in the second trimester was recruited at a private obstetric hospital in metropolitan Tokyo from June to October 2008 (n = 76), and at a university hospital in Tokyo from June 2010 to June 2011 (n = 91). The dietary intakes of folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>were assessed using the DHQ. The serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>were measured as reference values in the validation study. To assess the reproducibility of the results, 58 pregnant women completed the DHQ twice within 4-5 week interval.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significantly positive correlations were found between energy-adjusted intakes and serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>(r = 0.286, <it>p </it>< 0.001 and r = 0.222, <it>p </it>= 0.004, respectively). After excluding the participants with nausea (n = 121), the correlation coefficient for vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>increased to 0.313 (<it>p </it>= 0.001). When participants were classified into quintiles based on intakes and serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>, approximately 60% were classified in the same or adjacent quintile. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the two-time DHQ were 0.725 for folate and 0.512 for vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The present study indicated that the DHQ had acceptable validity and reproducibility for assessing folate and vitamin B<sub>12 </sub>intakes in Japanese pregnant women.</p

    Chromatographic formation of a triadic band of lithium in hydrated LTA zeolite: An investigation on lithium isotope separation effects by ion exchange

    Get PDF
    published online 12 April 2017Lithium concentrations [Li] and isotopic ratios [Li-7]/[Li-6] were measured for effluent fractions from a biphasic zeolite column. The biphasic state was ascribed to a mixture of hydrated Linde Type A (LTA) zeolites, [Li-0.008(NH4)(0.92)]A and [Li-0.33(NH4)(0.67)]A, which were formed by Li ion exchange from hydrated ammonium in the form (NH4)(12)[Al12Si12O48]center dot nH(2)O (NH(4)A). The biphasic Li band of the column was displaced by ion exchange with a solution of NH4NO3. A constant [Li] with a much lower level than the concentration of NHt(4)(_)(+) in the displacer (NH4NO3) was observed for the effluent from a short column. This constant lower level of [Li] was attributable to the biphasic state. On this [Li] plateau of the effluent, the level of [Li-7] shifted higher than the original isotopic composition of the Li feed, whereas Li-6 was concentrated on the biphasic zeolite solid. The accumulation of Li-6 in the zeolite proceeded by a mechanism of differential elution of Li-7 from the biphasic zeolite. For the long column experiment, a significant enrichment of Li-6 in the zeolite was observed, whereby a triadic band of Li was probably formed in the column. Two monophasic and a biphasic state were assigned. The biphasic band was deemed to push the monophasic bands forward, thereby enriching the monophasic bands with Li-7, while Li-6 accumulated at the end of the biphasic band. The trio structure of the Li band and isotopic discrimination in the band were analyzed. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.ArticleMICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS. 248:115-121 (2017)journal articl

    大阪市における市民による除細動に関する費用対効果分析

    Get PDF
    学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学教授 矢作 直樹, 東京大学教授 小林 廉毅, 東京大学教授 木内 貴弘, 東京大学准教授 橘田 要一, 東京大学講師 冨尾 淳University of Tokyo(東京大学

    Construction of microbial platform for an energy-requiring bioprocess: practical 2′-deoxyribonucleoside production involving a C−C coupling reaction with high energy substrates

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: Reproduction and sustainability are important for future society, and bioprocesses are one technology that can be used to realize these concepts. However, there is still limited variation in bioprocesses and there are several challenges, especially in the operation of energy-requiring bioprocesses. As an example of a microbial platform for an energy-requiring bioprocess, we established a process that efficiently and enzymatically synthesizes 2′-deoxyribonucleoside from glucose, acetaldehyde, and a nucleobase. This method consists of the coupling reactions of the reversible nucleoside degradation pathway and energy generation through the yeast glycolytic pathway. RESULTS: Using E. coli that co-express deoxyriboaldolase and phosphopentomutase, a high amount of 2′-deoxyribonucleoside was produced with efficient energy transfer under phosphate-limiting reaction conditions. Keeping the nucleobase concentration low and the mixture at a low reaction temperature increased the yield of 2′-deoxyribonucleoside relative to the amount of added nucleobase, indicating that energy was efficiently generated from glucose via the yeast glycolytic pathway under these reaction conditions. Using a one-pot reaction in which small amounts of adenine, adenosine, and acetone-dried yeast were fed into the reaction, 75 mM of 2′-deoxyinosine, the deaminated product of 2′-deoxyadenosine, was produced from glucose (600 mM), acetaldehyde (250 mM), adenine (70 mM), and adenosine (20 mM) with a high yield relative to the total base moiety input (83%). Moreover, a variety of natural dNSs were further synthesized by introducing a base-exchange reaction into the process. CONCLUSION: A critical common issue in energy-requiring bioprocess is fine control of phosphate concentration. We tried to resolve this problem, and provide the convenient recipe for establishment of energy-requiring bioprocesses. It is anticipated that the commercial demand for dNSs, which are primary metabolites that accumulate at very low levels in the metabolic pool, will grow. The development of an efficient production method for these compounds will have a great impact in both fields of applied microbiology and industry and will also serve as a good example of a microbial platform for energy-requiring bioprocesses

    Comparison of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Acquisition Using a 20-Gauge Menghini Needle with a Lateral Forward Bevel and a 22-Gauge Franseen Needle: A Single-Center Large Cohort Study

    Get PDF
    Background/Aims Several fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needles are available for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition. However, there is disagreement on which type of needle has the best diagnostic yield. The aim of this study was to compare the performance and safety of two commonly used EUS-FNB needles. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent EUS-FNB between June 2016 and March 2020 in our hospital. Two types of needles were evaluated: a 20-gauge Menghini needle with a lateral forward bevel and a 22-gauge Franseen needle. Rapid on-site evaluation was performed in all the cases. A multivariate analysis was performed to clarify the negative predictive factors for obtaining a histological diagnosis. Propensity score matching was performed to compare the diagnostic yields of these two needles. Results We analyzed 666 patients and 690 lesions. The overall diagnostic rate of histology alone was 88.8%, and the overall adverse event rate was 1.5%. Transduodenal access and small lesions (≤2 cm) were identified as negative predictive factors for obtaining a histological diagnosis. After propensity score matching, 482 lesions were analyzed. The diagnostic accuracy rates of histology in the M and F needle groups were 89.2% and 88.8%, respectively (p=1.00). Conclusions Both the needles showed high diagnostic yield, and no significant difference in performance was observed between the two

    Comparison of tube-assisted mapping biopsy with digital single-operator peroral cholangioscopy for preoperative evaluation of biliary tract cancer

    Get PDF
    Background/Aims Digital single-operator cholangioscopy (DSOC)-guided mapping biopsy (DMB) and tube-assisted mapping biopsy (TMB) are two techniques used for preoperative evaluation of biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, data regarding the diagnostic performance of these techniques are limited. Methods We retrospectively examined consecutive patients with BTC who underwent either technique at our institution between 2018 and 2020. We evaluated the technical success rate, adequate tissue acquisition rate, and diagnostic performance of these techniques for the evaluation of lateral spread of BTC. Results A total of 54 patients were included in the study. The technical success rate of reaching the target sites was 95% for DMB and 100% for TMB. The adequate tissue acquisition rate was 61% for DMB and 69% for TMB. The adequate tissue acquisition rate was low, especially for target sites beyond the secondary biliary radicles. The sensitivity of DMB alone was 39%, which improved to 65% when combined with visual impression. Experts demonstrated a higher negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy with respect to both DSOC visual impression and DMB for the evaluation of lateral spread of BTC compared to trainees. Conclusions Adequate tissue acquisition rates were similar between the two techniques. Since DMB requires expertise, TMB may be an acceptable option when DSOC is unavailable or when DSOC expertise is limited
    corecore