Investigating the performance of TiN and TiAIN coatings on milling cutter used for machining bimetal steel strip

Surface engineering of cutting tools (single point or multipoint) through advanced coatings (e.g., TiN) has contributed towards considerable improvement of tool life, productivity and machining quality [1] by modifying the tool substrate. New coating species (e.g., TiAlN) are also being developed to further improve the performance of cutting tools. In this study, milling tests were carried out with a TiN and TiAlN coated milling cutter to compare their performance. Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) technique was used to deposit the coatings after carefully preparing the cutting edges. Flank wear measurement in the milling cutter teeth was used as the criterion for assessing performance of the coatings. It has been found that TiAlN coating has significantly reduced the flank wear in the milling cutter teeth compared to TiN coating both at new and reground conditions of the cutter. Abrasive and adhesive wear were identified as the main mechanisms of the flank wear in both TiAlN and TiN coated teeth. The information should be useful for tool designers, coating suppliers and manufacturing engineers

Measurement of SF-6D utility among patients with active tuberculosis

Inspite of so much development in medical technology, Tuberculosis (TB) is still the problem for humans. Few studies, in Pakistan highlighted the factors that affect patients health related quality of life (HRQOL) with active TB. The aim of this study is to measure short form six dimension (Sf-6D) utility scores of patients with active TB of Sargodha district. 120 active TB patients were interviewed and short form-36 questionnaire was followed. District TB hospital of Sargodha district was visited. Results show that Utility scores of female patients were better than male, while patients belong to urban areas have better utility scores as compared to rural patients of TB. Indoor patient’s utility scores were better than outdoor patients. Disease severity, use of drugs, depression, pain and death threat were the factors that negatively affect the patients health related quality of life, while opportunity of leisure and income level increase patients HRQOL.Sf-6D, Pakistan, TB

Freiheitss\"{a}tze for one-relator quotients of surface groups and of limit groups

Three versions of the Freiheitssatz are proved in the context of one-relator quotients of limit groups, where the latter are equipped with 1-acylindrical splittings over cyclic subgroups. These are natural extensions of previously published corresponding statements for one-relator quotients of orientable surface groups. Two of the proofs are new even in that restricted context.Comment: 17 page

Xstream-x264: Real-time H.264 streaming with cross-layer integration

We present Xstream-x264: a real-time cross-layer video streaming technique implemented within a well known open-source H.264 video encoder tool x264. Xstream-x264 uses the transport protocol provided indication of the available data rate for corresponding adjustments in the video encoder.We discuss the design, implementation and the quality evaluation methodology utilised with our tool.We demonstrate via experimental results that the streaming video quality greatly improves with the presented cross-layer approach both in terms of lost frame count and the objective video quality metrics Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR)