Avaliação de elementos inorgânicos em água e uma população humana exposta a rejeitos de minério

Introduction: Manganese exploration in Amapá and inadequate ore tailing storage in the Santana port area have generated environmental and social impacts for residents. Objective: Assess the presence of inorganic elements in Elesbão neighborhood inhabitants exposed to ore tailings. Methods: Metals were quantifed in the water used by the population and in urine by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (F-AAS), and in hair Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Blood was obtained from 67 exposed and 99 unexposed women, totaling 65 urine and 18 hair samples. Hematological, biochemical and blood clotting analyses were performed in all participants, who also answered a socio-economic questionnaire. Results: Regarding age group, 60.0% of exposed residents ranged between 18 and 42 years old and lived in the area from 10 to 34 years. High concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Pb were detected in the analyzed water. In urine, signifcance was observed for Mn and in hair, for Pb and Mn. Hb, Ht, VCM, HCM, monocytes, morphological changes in red cells and platelets were among the signifcant hematological parameters. Regarding the biochemical evaluations, alterations in the enzymes Alkaline Phosphatase, Bilirubins and Creatinine were observed. Conclusions: Environmental contamination by elements that can compromise the health of the exposed population was observed. However, more in-depth studies aimed at women’s health are required, including hormones and genetic marker analyses, thus contributing to the action of competent authorities to improve the health of the exposed population.Introdução: A exploração do manganês no Amapá e o armazenamento inadequado dos rejeitos de minério na área portuária de Santana geraram impactos ambientais e sociais aos moradores locais. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de elementos inorgânicos nas moradoras do bairro Elesbão expostas aos rejeitos de minérios. Método: Por meio da Espectrofotometria de Absorção Atômica de Chama (F-AAS), quantifcaram-se metais na água utilizada pela população e na matriz biológica urina, enquanto no cabelo utilizou-se Espectrometria de Massas com Plasma Indutivamente Acoplado (ICP-MS). Coletou-se o sangue de 67 mulheres expostas e de 99 não expostas, destas, coletou-se 65 amostras de urina e 18 de cabelo. Foram realizadas análises hematológica, bioquímica e de coagulação no sangue de todas as participantes que também responderam a um questionário socioeconômico. Resultados: Quanto à faixa etária, 60,0% das moradoras expostas estavam entre 18 e 42 anos e moravam na localidade entre 10 e 34 anos. Na água analisada, encontrou-se concentrações elevadas dos metais As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn e Pb. Na matriz urina, observou-se signifcância para o Mn e, no cabelo, para Pb e Mn. Dentre os parâmetros hematológicos signifcativos estavam Hb, Ht, VCM, HCM, monócitos, alterações morfológicas nas hemácias e plaquetas. Na avaliação bioquímica, observaram-se alterações nas enzimas fosfatase alcalina, bilirrubinas e creatinina. Conclusões: Há contaminação ambiental por elementos que podem comprometer a saúde da população exposta, quando em contato por tempo prolongado. Estudos mais aprofundados e direcionados à saúde da mulher precisam ser realizados, incluindo parâmetros como a análise de hormônios e marcadores genéticos, visando contribuir, assim, para uma ação das autoridades competentes em melhorar a saúde da população exposta.    

Osteoprotective Effect of the Phytonutraceutical Ormona^® on Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Wistar Rats

The phytonutraceutical Ormona® is a product composed of purified oil of Bixa orellana Linné, dry extract of Myrciaria dubia McVaugh, dry extract of Trifolium pratense L., and dry extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. obtained using Evolve® technology. This study evaluated the effects of Ormona® on Wistar rats affected by ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Pre-treatment was conducted for 15 days before surgery and continued for a further 45 days after the surgical procedure. The experimental design consisted of five groups (n = 5): OVW: treated with distilled water (1 mL/kg, p.o); ADS: alendronate sodium (4 mg/kg p.o); EST: conjugated estrogen (2 µg/kg, p.o); ORM: Ormona® (20 mg/kg, p.o); ORM + EST: Ormona® (20 mg/kg, p.o) + conjugated estrogen (2 µg/kg, p.o). Biochemical and hormonal parameters of bone histopathology and trabecular and femoral diaphysis size were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and bone calcium quantification by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show that ovariectomy caused bone alterations such as loss of femoral microarchitecture, decreased bone homeostasis parameters, and changes in the lipid profile. Estrogen supplementation reduced parameters such as cholesterol, LDL, and Ca2+ concentration. However, Ormona® showed higher serum estradiol levels (p ®, therefore, produced better results than the groups treated with estrogen and alendronate sodium