Gigantic peripheral osteoma of the mandible: a case report

Osteomas are osteogenic lesions that have a limited growth potential. They are comprised of histologically and radiographically normal bone. Osteomas are categorized as central, peripheral or extraskeletal according to location. Clinically, peripheral osteomas (PO) are unilateral, sessile or pedunculated and have mushroom-like lesions ranging from 10 to 40 mm in diameter. Osteomas affecting the mandible are rare. In this report, we presented a gigantic peripheral mass on the left mandible in a 55-year old patient exhibiting clinical signs related to neoplasia

The benign mimickers of carcinoma on breast MRI

The similarity between benign and malignant pathologies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a wide-ranging variability of the lesions from benign proliferative changes to invasive breast carcinoma cause a lower and wide-ranging specificity of breast MRI relative to its surpass sensitivity. A wide range of tissue components such as the skin, the adipose tissue, vascular and neural tissues, connective tissues, glandular tissues, ducts, and muscle tissues are found here all together. This pictorial review was aimed at deliberating benign mimickers of breast carcinoma on MRI and trying to call attention to the overlapping and distinctive features

CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR: A CASE REPORT

The calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor. It was firstly described by Pindborg, and thus, is also referred to as the “Pindborg tumor.” CEOTaccounts for approximately 0.4-3 % of all the odontogenic tumors. Pindborg tumor is a benign but locally aggressive. It usually presents as a hard painless mass, generally affecting the mandible. Epithelial calcified odontogenic tumor usually found in the posterior mandibular bone, and it shares many features with the ameloblastoma. In this case report, clinical, radiological findings and surgical treatment of the patient with Pindborg tumor were presented

Rational Roots of Sympathetic Overactivity by Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema Modeling Arising from Sympathyco-Vagal Imbalance in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

Kanat, Ayhan/0000-0002-8189-2877WOS: 000384160300063PubMed: 27132179BACKGROUND: Autonomous innervations of the lungs are maintained by cervical sympathetic and vagal nerves. Sympathetic overactivity-induced neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is known as a serious complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage, but the rational neuronal mechanism of that overactivity has not yet been clarified fully. the aim of this study was to examine whether there is a relationship between vagal nerve ischemia related sympathetic overactivity and neurogenic pulmonary edema in subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: This study was conducted on 27 rabbits. A control group was formed of 5 animals, a sham group of 7 to which saline was administered, and a study group of 15 animals that were injected with homologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna. Electrocardiography and respiratory rhythm parameters were monitored for 3 weeks and the animals were then decapitated. Statistical analysis was made of the numbers of degenerated axons in the pulmonary branches of the vagal nerves, the neuron density of stellate ganglions and the vasospasm index of the pulmonary arteries. RESULTS: in the control group, the normal respiration rate was 34 +/- 6 bpm, total axon number was 1600 +/- 270/mm(2), degenerated axon number was 10 +/- 3/mm(2), and vasospasm index was 1.34 +/- 0.25. the sham group values were 30 +/- 3 bpm, 163 +/- 47/mm(2), and 1.95 +/- 0.45 and the study group values were 45 +/- 8 bpm, 530 +/- 92/mm(2), and 2.76 +/- 0.83. the mean stellate ganglion neuron density was evaluated as 8.112 +/- 1.230/mm(3) in all animals, as 7.420 +/- 4.10/mm(3) in animals with slight NPE, and as 12.512 +/- 1.236/mm(3) in animals that developed severe NPE. CONCLUSION: High neuron density of stellate ganglion may have important roots in sympathetic overactivity-related NPE development in subarachnoid hemorrhage

A Rare Thymoma Type Presenting as a Giant Intrathoracic Tumor: Lipofibroadenoma

Type B1 thymoma (lipofibroadenoma) is extremely rare. The tumor is characterized by an organoid appearance rich in lymphocytes with medullary differentiation and perivascular spaces. A twenty-three-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of chest pain and dyspnea for six months. Chest computed tomography showed solid and fatty components of masses 21×7 and 5×7 cm with clear borders in the right thoracic cavity. The patient underwent a posterolateral thoracotomy in which the mass, arising from the anterior mediastinum, was resected. Histopathological examination showed that the mass was Type B1 thymoma, and the patient was presented in light of the literature

Describing a New Mechanism of Retinal Detachment Secondary to Ophthalmic Artery Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

ozmen, sevilay/0000-0002-1973-6101WOS: 000492999800004PubMed: 31430796Background the pterygopalatine ganglion (PPG) and ophthalmic arteries (OpAs) have important roles in ocular autoregulation and retinal and visual functions. the relationship between PPG neuron density, OpA vasospasm, and retinal detachment in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has never been studied. Methods This study was conducted on 25 rabbits. Five animals were in the control group (GI; n = 5), five in the sham group (GII; n = 5), and 15 in the study group (GIII; n = 15). After injection of 1 cc serum saline into the cisterna magna in the sham group, and autologous blood in the SAH group, the animals were followed for 3 weeks. All animals underwent a retinal examination five times a week for 3 weeks before and after the experiment. After the experiment, the neuron density of PPGs of the facial nerves, vasospasm index (VSI) of OpAs, and total basal surface values of the detached retinal parts (DRPs) were calculated. Results in the funduscopic examination, intravitreous hemorrhage ( Terson's syndrome) was detected in four animals in the SAH group. in the control groups, neuron density was 12,000 +/- 1,240/mm (3) , VSI = 0.345 +/- 0.076, and DRP = 0 to 1.5 mm (2) . Mean neuron density was 9,450 +/- 940/mm (3) , VSI = 1.645 +/- 0.940, and DRP = 6.23 +/- 1.61 mm (2) in the sham group ( p < 0.05). Neuron density was 6,890 +/- 932/mm (3) , VSI = 2.92 +/- 0.97, and DRP = 9.43 +/- 2.54 mm (2) in SAH group. Conclusion Mean neuron density, VSI of OpAs, and DRP values differed statistically significant between the SAH group and other groups ( p < 0.005). There is an inverse relationship between PPG neurons and DRP. However, a direct relationship was observed between the mean VSI and DRP values

New Histopathologic Evidence for the Parasympathetic Innervation of the Kidney and the Mechanism of Hypertension Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

18th International Congress of the International-Society-of-Craniofacial-Surgery (ISCFS) -- SEP 16-19, 2019 -- Paris, FRANCEWOS: 000562524800106PubMed: 31842081Background: the Cushing response was first described in 1901. One of its components is elevated systemic blood pressure secondary to raised intracranial pressure. However, controversy still exists in its pathophysiologic mechanism. Hypertension is attributed to sympathetic overactivity and vagotomy increased renal-based hypertension. However, the role of the parasympathetic system in hypertension has not been investigated. This subject was investigated following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: A total of 24 rabbits were used: control group (n = 5), SHAM group (n = 5), and an SAH group (n = 14; bolus injection of blood into the cisterna magna). Blood pressures were examined before, during, and after the experiment. After 3 weeks, animals were decapitated under general anesthesia. Vagal nodose ganglion, axonal degeneration, and renal artery vasospasm (RAV) indexes of all animals were determined histopathologically. Results: Significant degenerative changes were detected in the vagal axons and nodose ganglia following SAH in animals with severe hypertension. the mean degenerated neuron density of nodose ganglions, vasospasm index (VSI) values of renal arteries of control, SHAM, and study groups were estimated as 9.0 +/- 2.0 mm(3), 1.87 +/- 0.19; 65.0 +/- 12.0 mm(3), 1.91 +/- 0.34; and 986.0 +/- 112.0 mm(3), 2.32 +/- 0.89, consecutively. Blood pressure was measured as 94.0 +/- 10.0 mmHg in control group, 102.0 +/- 12.0 mmHg in SHAM; 112.0 +/- 14.0 mmHg in middle (n = 9); and >122.0 +/- 10.0 mmHg in severe RAV-developed animals (n = 5). Differences VSI values and blood pressure between groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the degeneration of vagal nodose ganglion has an important role in RAV and the development of RAV and hypertension following SAH.Int Soc Craniofacial Sur

The enigma of basilar artery dissections secondary to vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage; exploration of the unknown effect of superior cervical ganglia: A preliminary experimental study

Material and Method: In this article, after three weeks of experimental SAH, animals were decapitated. 18 rabbits were divided into three groups, according to their vasospasm indexes. The basilar arteries were examined by anatomical and histopathological methods. Results: Basilar dissection with high vasospasm index value (VSI>3) was detected in six animals (G-I, n=6); severe basilar edema and moderate vasospasm index value (VSI>2.4) in seven rabbits (G-II, n=7) and slight vasospasm (VSI<1.5) index value in five subjects (G-III, n=5) was detected. The degenerated neuron densities (n/mm3) of the superior cervical ganglia were detected as 12±4 in G-I, 41±8 in G-II; and 276±78 in G-III. The dissected surface values/lumen values were calculated as (42±1)/(64±11) in G-I; (21±6)/(89±17) in GII; and (3±1)/(102±24) in G-III. If we look at these ratios as a percentage: 62%in G-I, 23% in G-II, and 5% in G-III. Conclusion: Inverse relationship between the degenerated neuron densities (n/mm3) of the superior cervical ganglia and the dissected surface values basilar artery was observed. The common knowledge is that basilar artery dissection may lead to SAH, however, this study indicates that SAH is the cause of basilar artery dissection. Background: Life-threatening basilar artery dissection (BAD) can be seen following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but it is not clear whether subarachnoid hemorrhage causes dissection, or not. This study aims to investigate the relationship between, degenerative changes in the superior cervical ganglia and the dissection rate of the basilar artery