Hemorrhoids are associated with an increased risk of depression in Germany: a retrospective cohort study in primary care outpatients

Background: The aim of the present study was to analyze the cumulative incidence of depression diagnosis in patients with hemorrhoids and to evaluate the association between hemorrhoids and subsequent depression diagnosis. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was based on electronic medical records from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) and included 87,264 individuals with hemorrhoids (mean age: 54.2 years; 42% women) and 87,264 propensity score-matched individuals without hemorrhoids in 1,284 general practices in Germany between January 2005 and December 2021. Univariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between hemorrhoids and depression. Results: After up to 10 years of follow-up, 21.4% of patients with hemorrhoids versus 16.3% of the matched cohort (p Conclusions: The present study provides compelling evidence of an association between hemorrhoids and subsequent depression. Addressing the mental health of individuals with hemorrhoids may not only improve their overall well-being but could also lead to better treatment outcomes for the primary condition.</p

Association between diverticular disease and subsequent dementia

Dahl et al. conducted a retrospective cohort study on the association between diverticular disease (DD) and the risk of dementia using data from Danish registries from 1980 to 2013. The 30-year cumulative incidence of dementia among DD patients and general population comparators was 12.4% and 13.7%, respectively, corresponding to a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.1–1.1)...</p

Additional file 1 of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Additional file 1: Table S1 Standardized mean differences (SMD) prior and after propensity score matching