Can Government-Controlled Media Cause Social Change? Television and Fertility in India *

Abstract Does exposure to government-controlled media shape social attitudes and behaviors? Governments routinely enlist public broadcasting to advance progressive social change. However, the efficacy of so-called "developmental communications" is unclear. Modernization theorists contend that the media serve as an important instrument of persuasion in poor countries-especially among certain population groups. Yet, where institutionalization is weak, government-controlled outlets are often dominated by ruling-party propaganda, which may induce distrust in the media and its messaging campaigns. To adjudicate which of these propositions holds sway, we investigate television's impact on fertility preferences and behaviors in India. Exploiting unique data, as well as plausibly exogenous variation in TV ownership due to electromagnetic wave refraction, we show that exposure to India's monopolistic state broadcaster, Doordarshan, caused women to desire fewer children-especially fewer girls-while increasing family planning discussions and contraceptive use. The results demonstrate that even biased state media can engender far-reaching societal transformation. * We than

Mise en place de la chimiothérapie à domicile à l'Hôpital Bon Secours de Metz (Première expérience avec les patients du service d'Hématologie traités par Velcade)

Le cancer, véritable fléau de notre société et 1ère cause de mort prématurée en France est devenu l une des préoccupations majeures de santé publique. Ainsi, un plan national de lutte contre le cancer a été mis en place en 2003-2007, prolongé par un second plan cancer 2009-2013. Dans un souci d améliorer la qualité de vie des patients, le plan 2003-2007 a prévu parmi ses 70 mesures de faciliter la prise en charge à domicile, chimiothérapie comprise.C est donc dans ce contexte de mobilisation nationale, auquel s ajoute la saturation de l activité de chimiothérapie au sein des secteurs d Hôpitaux de Jour (HDJ) que l unité de pharmacie clinique cancérologique (UPCC) de l Hôpital Bon Secours de Metz a développé depuis le 10 avril 2007 une activité de chimiothérapie à domicile avec le service d Hématologie.Le premier protocole retenu pour la mise en place de cette activité est un traitement par Velcade®, indiqué chez les patients atteints de myélome multiple. Pendant deux années, nous avons suivi 13 patients traités par ce protocole à leur domicile.Les patients sont très satisfaits de cette prise en charge qui améliore leur confort de vie. Aucun incident n est intervenu lors de l administration de Velcade® à domicile. Cependant, le bilan global de ces deux années d activité reste mitigé. Les professionnels de santé impliqués, hospitaliers et libéraux, rencontrent des difficultés à poursuivre et développer cette activité. Les principales raisons en sont le manque de temps, de coordination et la non prise en compte des coûts de fonctionnement logistique pour l acheminement des préparations au domicile des patients.La chimiothérapie à domicile a sa place comme alternative à l hospitalisation pour des protocoles thérapeutiques bien identifiés, mais a-t-elle un avenir face à l hospitalisation à domicile ?NANCY1-SCD Pharmacie-Odontologie (543952101) / SudocNANCY1-Bib. numérique (543959902) / SudocSudocFranceF

Bleeding and perforation complications after follow-up colonoscopies in faecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening : insights from a retrospective case\u2013control study

Abstract: Monitoring complications of colonoscopies after a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT-colonoscopies) is crucial in FIT-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We investigated the occurrence of bleeding and perforation post FIT-colonoscopies (2013\u20132019) in Flanders and the contributing factors. A retrospective case\u2013control study was conducted, including bleeding/perforation cases within 14 days after index colonoscopy, and controls without such events. Bleeding rates dropped from 0.9\u20131.1% (pre-2017) to 0.3% (2017\u20132018) and further to 0.05% (2019), while perforation rates remained at 0.05\u20130.11% (2014\u20132019). Male gender, polypectomy, general anaesthesia, and recent antiplatelet/antithrombotic drug use increased bleeding odds. Incomplete colonoscopy, polypectomy, general anaesthesia, and recent antiplatelet/antithrombotic drug use raised perforation odds. The endoscopists (n = 16) with highest bleeding rates (top 5%) performed only 6% of total FIT-colonoscopies, yet their patients experienced 45.5% of bleeding events. Similarly, for the top 5% of perforation rates, endoscopists conducting only 4.5% of total FIT-colonoscopy had 49.0% of perforation events occur in their patients. This study sheds light on FIT-colonoscopy-related complications in Flanders, their rates and risk factors. These findings can be incorporated into CRC screening materials and guide interventions to mitigate complications. A central colonoscopy register is currently lacking in Belgium, highlighting the need for its establishment to facilitate recurrent monitoring and evaluation

Immunity drives TET1 regulation in cancer through NF-κB

Ten-eleven translocation enzymes (TET1, TET2, and TET3), which induce DNA demethylation and gene regulation by converting 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), are often down-regulated in cancer. We uncover, in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC), genome-wide 5hmC changes related to TET1 regulation. We further demonstrate that TET1 repression is associated with high expression of immune markers and high infiltration by immune cells. We identify in BLBC tissues an anticorrelation between TET1 expression and the major immunoregulator family nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). In vitro and in mice, TET1 is down-regulated in breast cancer cells upon NF-κB activation through binding of p65 to its consensus sequence in the TET1 promoter. We lastly show that these findings extend to other cancer types, including melanoma, lung, and thyroid cancers. Together, our data suggest a novel mode of regulation for TET1 in cancer and highlight a new paradigm in which the immune system can influence cancer cell epigenetics.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe