Motivational Aspects Of New Payment System In Public Health

In connection with the change of tariffication net of payment for medical personnel, i.e. paramedical and junior medical staff, the minimum income has been increased. Data received from questionnaires of paramedical and junior medical staff have revealed the fact that with time working enthusiasm decreases and tendency to material welfare increases. While young specialists are intended to find out more prestigious and well-paid place of work. The main task of managers is to provide optimal labour conditions and motivational background for high-quality and effective work of medical staf

Microstructure and mechanical properties of eutectic nickel alloy coatings

The paper discusses the peculiarities of a structure and a coating composition after reflow. It was established that the structure of coatings from nickel alloy is a solid solution based on nickel, the eutectic of [gamma]-Ni+Ni3B composition and dispersed reinforcing particles. The content of alloying elements in the initial powder material determines the type of the coating structure and the formation of hypoeutectic or hypereutectic structures. The influence of formation conditions on the structure and physical-mechanical properties of the coatings is considered in this paper

Enhancing the Lifetime of Welded Joints Using the Protective Coating and Causes the Formation of Defects in Them

The paper shows the efficacy of eutectic Nickel coatings for protecting welded joints of steels against corrosion. It increases with increasing content of the eutectic and chemical compounds at the grain boundaries γ-solid solution based on Nickel. Refinement of the structure of the coatings and reduce their heterogeneity allows to increase the protective properties and durability of welded joints against corrosion. It is established that the probability of formation of cracks in the coatings increases with their thickness, intensity of heating and cooling after reflow, and also with increasing content of the eutectic and chemical compounds at the grain boundaries γ-solid solution based on Nickel. Shown to prevent the formation of cracks in the coatings when they are melt you can use optimal modes of heating and cooling of the composition. Modification of the structure of the coatings by grinding them and reducing heterogeneity allows to improve the resistance to crack formation and protective properties of welded joints

Steps from Zero Carbon Supply Chains and Demand of Circular Economy to Circular Business Cases

The European Green Deal requires a zero-carbon Europe until 2050. Consequently, all processes conducted, and actions taken need to ensure zero carbon emissions. Beside the areas of energy systems, logistics and living, it certainly also includes industry sectors, industrial processes and their entire supply chains. Zero carbon supply chains mean net zero carbon emission from scope 1, 2 and 3. The key question for future business is therefore how to reduce the carbon emissions of all procured components down to zero, beside all procured and consumed energies (scope 1 and 2). A promising approach is a circular economy, if primary produced materials will not be provided carbon neutral or will increase in price. However, today the development of circular business models often is a chicken and egg problem. It needs a clear business case to invest into changes, adaptions, substitutions or life cycle system adjustments of linear products (take, make, dispose) to turn them into circular products or product systems (avoid, re-use, recycle, recover).  The paper presents approaches to support companies seeking carbon neutral products in a carbon neutral Europe via identifying business cases for circular products. An evaluation matrix is presented allowing the identification of circularity status depending on the selected products or sector perspective. The matrix contains evaluation criteria based on the circularity building blocks by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation. Based on the results, hot spots and weak points are identified and allow entering a six-step-approach for business-case identification. The steps refer to life cycle thinking, quantitative environmental assessment, simulation, creativity methods and end up identifying profitable business cases for circularity. The presented approach combines life cycle assessment, circular economy and the development of business models and is partly developed and applied during the European H2020 project AVANGARD

Problems of ensuring conditions for the formation of legality in the field of agro-industrial complex and their impact on ensuring food security in Russia

Purpose: The purpose of the work is to study the problems of legal regulation of issues related to providing the population with high-quality and safe products, sustainable development and modernization of agriculture and fisheries and the infrastructure of the domestic market. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific and private scientific methods (comparative legal, statistical and expert assessment method). Findings: In recent years, fundamental documents have been adopted and are being implemented, providing for a set of tools to counter internal and external threats in the food sector. At the same time, according to the results of inspections, there is a negative trend of an increase in the number of violations detected at food facilities, including those related to expired products, non-compliance with storage conditions, falsification. At the regulatory level, in order to minimize low-quality products, a system of risk indicators has been introduced. Originality/value: The conducted research allowed us to draw the following conclusions: ignoring and underestimating the principle of legality at the doctrinal level is closely related to the negative phenomena of law-making and law enforcement activities. We consider it timely and necessary to adopt the Concept of Ensuring the Rule of Law, ensuring the principle of universality of compliance with legal regulations, excluding the framework nature of such an important area of activity of state bodies as providing the population with high-quality and safe products

X-Ray Structural Study of 09Nn2Si Steel Welded Joints

The article is devoted to handling a vital scientific and technical problem of improving operational reliability and safety of critical constructions, exploited in Siberia and Far North, by developing of new technological approaches to welding. In the article results of X-ray diffraction examinations of 09Mn2Si steel welded joints are given, produced by different welding operations. Resulting from researches, the authors have concluded that pulse-arc welding is the most preferred welding process as compared with direct current welding

Improving Processes of Mechanized Pulsed Arc Welding of Low-Frequency Range Variation of Mode Parameters

A new technology of low-frequency modulation of the arc current in MAG and MIG welding is presented. The technology provides control of thermal and crystallization processes, stabilizes the time of formation and crystallization of the weld pool. Conducting theoretical studies allowed formulating the basic criteria for obtaining strong permanent joints for high-duty structures, providing conditions for more equilibrium structure of the deposited metal and the smaller width of the HAZ. The stabilization of time of the formation and crystallization of the weld pool improves the formation of the weld and increases productivity in welding thin sheet metal

The Influence of Modes of Deposition of Coatings on the Corrosion Resistance of Welded Joints of Steels in Acidic Media

In this work, effect of welding on corrosion of welded joints of austenitic steel 12KH18N10T. It is shown that the use of pulsed - arc welding steel 12KH18N10T allows you to create a protective coating with dispersed structure with less thermal impact on the zone of the welded joint. Coating is of such structure allows 1.5 to 6 times to reduce the corrosion rate of welded joints of steel 12KH18N10T in active chemical environments. Pulse the process of deposition of coatings on welded joint of steels can be effectively used for the protection against corrosion in the repair of equipment of chemical industry. The results obtained can be recommended for use when welding a protective corrosion - resistant coatings on working surfaces of equipment of chemical productions

Effect of Heat Input Pulse on the Structure and Properties of Welded Joints of Steels Ferritic-Pearlitic Class, Operating Under Low-Frequency Temperature-Force Loading

We have investigated the influence of the modes of adaptive pulse-arc welding and surfacing on the structure and physical-mechanical properties of welded joints of steel 09Mn2Si and the surfaced composition of this steel coated with modified powder material of chromium carbide with the submicrocrystalline structure. It is shown that the pulsed mode of welding and surfacing can improve the homogeneity of the structure of the welded joint of steel and surfaced coating and reduce the grain size of metals in both of them. Structural changes lead to the increase in ductility and toughness of the weld metal