Error Detection in Patients’ Pharmaceutical Data: Application of Ontology-Based Text Miner

 Introduction: Medication errors in patients’ medical records can influence the healthcare quality and cause risks for them. It is, therefore, crucial to apply appropriate procedures to reduce these errors. This study sought to develop a software for detecting medication errors through qualitative analysis of patients’ medical records. Materials and Methods: The software was developed using object-oriented analysis and Java. The text was first pre-analyzed using a framework known as Stanford Core NLP. In the next stage, the text was turned into a semi-structured passage to be connected to Dr Onontology using Apache Jena framework. The name and dosage of available drugs were then extracted in the physician order forms and the patient progress notes. The areas of mismatch were identified through comparing the data obtained from these two forms. Results: Software assessment was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the capability of the software in proper recognition of medicine’s name was measured, as100 completed forms containing physician order forms with a total number of 1014 drugs were used for text mining and error detection. After running the analysis in the error detection software, 93% of the drugs were properly recognized. In the next stage, comparisons were made between the physician order forms and the patient progress notes to find possible mismatches. Out of 1000 recorded drugs in the analyzed forms, the software was able to properly detect mismatches in 91.8% of the cases. The medication data available in i2b2 were used for conducting the assessment. Conclusion: Given that medical records are of paramount importance and their human analysis is a complicated and time-consuming process, deployment of a text miner with the capability of quality analysis could facilitate error detection efficiently and effectively

Presenting a Population-based Multiple Sclerosis Registry for Iran

 Introduction: Worldwide prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is growing, and given the huge burden on the patient, the community and the healthcare system, prevention interventions and symptom management in order to improving the quality of life of these patients are of utmost importance. One of the most important strategies in this regard is providing the existence of an MS population-based registry. Accordingly, this research was aimed at providing a population-based MS registry model.Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study, carried out within the years 2016 and 2017. The population of the present study consisted of models of multiple sclerosis population registries. In this study, a model was provided using library resources, informational networks and information retrieval from databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Science direct, and Wiley and also through studying the registry of developed countries. Then, this model using Delphi technique and questionnaire tool was validated and after data analysis, the final model was presented.Results: In the present study, a demographic MS registry model including the following eight main criteria was proposed: registry goals, data sources, minimum data set, data set, data processing, various types of reports, quality control measures and patient follow-up procedures. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of MS in Iran and the need for optimal data management, it is recommended that measures be taken to establish and use a national MS population-based registry and be one of the priorities of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. 

Lessons Learned from the Population-Based Multiple Sclerosis Registries in the Developed Countries

Context: The prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in the world has grown and has attracted particular attention on the international level and governments, has considered prevention interventions and managing the symptoms of the disease to reduce the economic burden and has improved the quality of life of these patients necessary. One of the most important strategies in this field is MS population-based registry. Accordingly, this study was designed to identify the components of MS population-based registries within the developed countries.Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a review article that was conducted in 2018. The population of the study consisted of MS population-based registry systems of developed countries such as USA, France, and Denmark. Based on the combination of related keywords, about 60 papers appropriately and after extraction, categorization and integration were formulated in the form of proper sequence for the purpose of the study.Results: The main components of MS population-based registries in developed countries included registry goals, information resources, Minimum Data Sets (MDS), types of processes, types of reports, quality control measures, data transmission time limits, responsible for recording and collecting data, responsible organization and executor, data transmission method and the privacy practicesConclusion: With regard to the results, it is suggested that the developing countries must consider creating an MS population-based registry as a national program due to their health system and the MS population-based registries structure in developed countries, so that they can adopt a suitable strategy for preventing and controlling the disease

Lung contusion and cavitation with exudative plural effusion following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in an adult: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Among the complications of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy are perinephric bleeding and hypertension.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe the case of a 31-year-old Asian man with an unusual case of hemoptysis and lung contusion and cavitation with exudative plural effusion due to pulmonary trauma following false positioning of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Differential diagnoses included pneumonia and pulmonary emboli, but these diagnoses were ruled out by the uniformly negative results of a lung perfusion scan, Doppler ultrasound, and culture of bronchoalveolar lavage and plural effusion, and because our patient showed spontaneous improvement.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>False positioning of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can cause lung trauma presenting as pulmonary contusion and cavitation with plural effusion.</p

Prevalence of malocclusion in Turkish children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Objectives The aim of this article is to establish a comprehensive nationwide prevalence of malocclusion traits on the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes of space in the Turkish population. Material and Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was supplemented by manual searches of Google Scholar and the reference lists of included studies. Original Turkish health studies of any age were included. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology assessed study quality and bias (STROBE). Sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion features were retrieved and gathered. Results Eleven studies were selected from 434 titles. Two studies showed a high risk of bias, eight low and one moderate. Thirteen thousand two hundred seventy‐one individuals were investigated from early childhood to late adulthood. Most studies were sampled from universities and dental (nonorthodontic) clinics. The pooled malocclusion prevalence was 56% for Class I (95% confidence interval (CI): 44−68%), 31% for Class II (CI: 6–42%), and 11% for Class III (CI: 21–37%). The other common types of malocclusions were crowding (41%, CI: 18–65%), overjet (34%, CI: 21–50%), negative overjet (13%, CI: 7–20%), and crossbite (11%, CI: 7–15%). Additionally, there was no significant difference in Class I (relative risk [RR] = 1.00, [0.96–1.05]), Class II ([RR] = 0.97, [0.92–1.03]), and Class III ([RR] = 1.08, [0.96–1.225]) malocclusion by gender. Conclusions This study showed Class I malocclusion has a high prevalence among the Turkish population followed by Class II and Class III malocclusions. In addition, crowding and overjet were the most prevalent malocclusions among Turkish individuals. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of malocclusions between males and females

A Randomized Trial of Comparing the Efficacy of Two Neurofeedback Protocols for Treatment of Clinical and Cognitive Symptoms of ADHD: Theta Suppression/Beta Enhancement and Theta Suppression/Alpha Enhancement

Introduction. Neurofeedback (NF) is an adjuvant or alternative therapy for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study intended to compare the efficacy of two different NF protocols on clinical and cognitive symptoms of ADHD. Materials and Methods. In this clinical trial, sixty children with ADHD aged 7 to 10 years old were randomly grouped to receive two different NF treatments (theta suppression/beta enhancement protocol and theta suppression/alpha enhancement protocol). Clinical and cognitive assessments were conducted prior to and following the treatment and also after an eight-week follow-up. Results. Both protocols alleviated the symptoms of ADHD in general (p<0.001), hyperactivity (p<0.001), inattention (p<0.001), and omission errors (p<0.001); however, they did not affect the oppositional and impulsive scales nor commission errors. These effects were maintained after an eight-week intervention-free period. The only significant difference between the two NF protocols was that high-frequency alpha enhancement protocol performed better in suppressing omission errors (p<0.001). Conclusion. The two NF protocols with theta suppression/beta enhancement and theta suppression/alpha enhancement have considerable and comparable effect on clinical symptoms of ADHD. Alpha enhancement protocol was more effective in suppressing omission errors