The geochemical and geochronological properties of postcollision a-type magmatism (Keban-Elazığ-Turkey)

In this study, the petrographic, geochemical and geochronological characteristics of Late Cretaceous-Middle Eocene Keban igneous rocks were examined in Keban-Elazığ-Turkey. Igneous rocks in the study area are represented by syenite porphyry and quartz monzonites. Petro-graphically, the main mineral paragenesis of rocks showing holocrystalline texture are K-feldspar (Mega-phenocrystalline) + plagioclase ± amphibole ± biotite ± quartz minerals. Secondary mineral phases are represented by calcite, sericite, chlorite and epidote minerals.Accessory mineral phases consist of sphene, apatite, zircon, garnet, pyrite, fluorite and opaque minerals. According to some analysis results, SiO2 (60.09 – 64.37 wt.%), Al2O3 (15.75 – 17.96 wt.%), Fe2O3 (1.18 – 5.30 wt.%), MgO (0.09 – 0.92 wt.%) CaO (2.07 – 4.27 wt.%), Na2O (0.80 – 4.93 wt.%) , K2O (4.69 – 13.42 wt.%), TiO2 (0.22 – 0.37 wt.%), P2O5 (0.05 – 0.26 wt.%), Na2O + K2O (8.22 – 14.22), Zr (200.9 – 665.4 ppm), Hf (4.6 – 18.4 ppm), Ta (1.5 – 2.7 ppm), Nb (24 – 56 ppm) ranges between values. The chondrite normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns display enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREE) compared to the heavy rare earth elements (HREE). The primitive mantle normalized trace element patterns indicate that the large ion lithophile elements (LILE) enriched compared to the high field strength elements (HFSE). According to LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb crystallization ages ranges between 46.1 ± 0.5, 76.3 ± 0.3, 76.36 ± 0.34 and 77.4 ± 0.3 My. (Late Cretaceous-Middle Eocene). In the tectonic environment diagrams the studied rocks fall into the post-collisional fields (developing after collision). These rocks fall into the A-type granitoid areas and are of shoshonitic character. It falls into the post-collisional region (developed after collision) in the tectonic environment diagrams of the rocks studied. According to the field, petrography, geochemical and geochronological studies are evaluated together, Keban Magmatic rocks are thought to have the characteristics of post-collision developed magmatism

Control and Local Measurement of the Spin Chemical Potential in a Magnetic Insulator

The spin chemical potential characterizes the tendency of spins to diffuse. Probing the spin chemical potential could provide insight into materials such as magnetic insulators and spin liquids and aid optimization of spintronic devices. Here, we introduce single-spin magnetometry as a generic platform for non-perturbative, nanoscale characterization of spin chemical potentials. We use this platform to investigate magnons in a magnetic insulator, surprisingly finding that the magnon chemical potential can be efficiently controlled by driving the system's ferromagnetic resonance. We introduce a symmetry-based two-fluid theory describing the underlying magnon processes, realize the first experimental determination of the local thermomagnonic torque, and illustrate the detection sensitivity using electrically controlled spin injection. Our results open the way for nanoscale control and imaging of spin transport in mesoscopic spin systems.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure

MMP-2, TIMP-2 and CD44v6 expression in non-small-cell lung carcinomas

Introduction: Factors that emerge as crucial participants in tumour invasion and metastases are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) inhibitors and cellular adhesion molecules (CD44 and similar molecules). They play important roles in tumour invasion and metastasis in non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). Materials and Methods: The study was performed using the data of 33 patients. MMP-2 from the metalloproteinase family, TIMP-2 from the metalloproteinase inhibitor family and the adhesion molecule CD44v6 expression were investigated immunohistochemically to search their role in the metastasis and the clinical outcome of the patients with NSCLCs. Results: Twenty-three tumours (70%) were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 9 (27%) were adenocarcinoma (AC), and 1 (3%) was large cell carcinoma (LCC). MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were expressed in high rates in NSCLC but CD44v6 expression was about 50%. Lymphatic invasion was less frequent in TIMP-2-positive patients and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.005). There was a statistically significant difference between SCCs and ACs with respect to CD44v6 tumoral expression (P = 0.004). Also, there was a negative correlation between lymphatic invasion and the extent of CD44v6; lymphatic invasion was significantly less in CD446-positive cases (P = 0.013). Conclusion: We found that TIMP-2 and CD44v6 can decrease the lymphatic invasion in NSCLCs. Also there was observed histiotype-related pattern of CD44v6 variant expression in SCCs

Case Study of a Parotid Gland Adenocarcinoma Dedifferentiated from Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma

Dedifferentiation is defined as high-grade malignant tumor development out of a low-grade malignant tumor. We present an adenocarcinoma tumor of the parotid gland that was dedifferentiated from a low-grade epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and was followed up for 3 years. Our patient, a 46-year-old female, presented with a left parotid mass of 20-year duration. Histopathologic results showed that there was only one area of typical epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, with foci of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified; NOS) and clear cytoplasm in the parotid gland. Immunohistochemical staining results showed SMA (+), P63 (+), CK8 (+), and S100 (+) on epithelial cells. A review of the literature revealed 22 previously reported cases of dedifferentiated epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. In these cases, the malignant tumors that dedifferentiated from epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma were adenoid cystic carcinoma, actinic cell carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and intraductal carcinoma. In our case, the malignant tumor that dedifferentiated from the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Histopathological results showed that metastases were not seen in the neck-dissection material. As a result, our case will make a contribution to the literature in terms of prognosis, because there are very few reported cases of dedifferentiated adenocarcinoma development arising from epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma

Doğanşehir-Eskiköy (Malatya) Bölgesindeki Neojen Yaşlı (?) Volkanik Kayaçların Petrografik, Jeokimyasal ve Petrolojik Özellikleri

Bu çalışmada Eskiköy-Doğanşehir (Malatya) bölgesindeki Neojen (?) yaşlı volkanik kayaçlarının petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma bölgesi Permo-Triyas yaşlı Malatya metamorfitleri, Üst Kretase yaşlı Berit ofiyoliti, Erken-Orta Eosen yaşlı Doğanşehir, Polat-Beğre granitoidi, Neojen (?) yaşlı volkanitler ve Plio-Kuvaterner yaşlı alüvyonlardan oluşmaktadır. İncelenen volkanik kayaçlar Permo-Triyas yaşlı Malatya metamorfik kayaçlarını sıcak dokanakla keserek yüzeylemişlerdir. Dasit ve riyolit bileşimindeki volkanitler başlıca plajiyoklas, sanidin, kuvars, biyotit ve amfibol minerallerinden oluşurlar. Söz konusu volkanitler kalkalkali ve yüksek-K kalk-alkali karaktere sahiptirler. Primitif mantoya normalize edilmiş çoklu element ve kondrite normalize edilmiş nadir toprak element değişim diyagramında büyük iyon yarıçaplı litofil elementleri ve hafif nadir toprak elementleri zenginleşme göstermektedir ve yitime bağlı olarak okyanusal kabuktan türeyen çözeltiler tarafından metasomatize edilmiş bir mantodan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir

Genesis of late cretaceous intra-oceanic arc intrusions in the Pertek area of Tunceli province, eastern Turkey, and implications for the geodynamic evolution of the southern Neo-Tethys: Results of zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic analyses

The plutonic units of the Elazığ magmatic complex crop out in the Pertek area of Tunceli Province (eastern Turkey) in the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SAOB). Three stages of plutonic activity can be recognised on the basis of order of formation and geochemistry: (1) a first stage of gabbro, diorite, tonalite and quartz diorite; (2) a second stage of granite, granodiorite and quartz monzodiorite; and (3) a third stage of quartz monzonite and monzodiorite. Geochemical analyses show that the intrusive rocks are metaluminous I-types that vary in composition from tholeiitic to shoshonitic. The first- and second-stage intrusive rocks formed in an intra-oceanic arc setting, and the third-stage shoshonitic intrusive rocks formed in a collision setting. In this paper, we present the results of zircon U–Pb dating and geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic analyses. The zircon U–Pb dating indicates emplacement of these rocks between 80.6 ± 0.9 and 77.2 ± 1.1 Ma (Late Cretaceous). Primitive mantle-normalised trace element concentrations show enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs). The values of 87Sr/86Sr(i) range from 0.70575 to 0.70748, 143Nd/144Nd(i) from 0.512453 to 0.512876, and εNd(i) from −1.7 to +6.7. Our results shed new light on the possible sources and evolution of the magmas during the northward subduction of the oceanic plate of the southern branch of the Neo-Tethys during the Late Cretaceous

Keban magmatik kayaçları’nın petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri (Keban- Elazığ)

Bu çalışmada, Keban-Elazığ bölgesindeki Geç Kretase-Orta Eosen yaşlı Keban Magmatik kayaçlarının petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışılan bölgede Keban Magmatik Kayaçları dışında Geç Devoniyen-Geç Triyas yaşlı Keban Metamorfitleri, Paleosen-Neojen sedimanter birimleri ve Plio-Kuvaterner yaşlı alüvyonlar yüzeylemektedir. Çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan kayaçlar Keban metamorfik kayaçlarını kesen Keban Magmatik kayaçlarına ait siyenit ve kuvars-monzonitlerle temsil edilmektedir. İncelenen kayaçlar genel olarak porfirik, porfirik holokristalen, poiklitik doku özelliği gösteren K-feldispat (mega-fenokristal), plajiyoklas, amfibol, biyotit ve kuvars mineralleri ana mineral içeriğini oluşturur. İncelenen tüm örnekler şoşonitik karakterli olup A-tipi granitoid alanlarına düşmektedir. İncelenen kayaçların tektonik ortamı olarak çarpışma sonrası granitleri bölgesi önerilmektedir