Educación y televisión: contribuciones a la formación y la emancipación humana a partir de la metodología monja

Education implies fostering the formation and the intellectual autonomy of the subject who, in turn, can intervene in a critical way about reality. In this perspective, we aim to think a methodology of reflexive teaching work among teachers and students of High School in learning environments, based on the criticality of TV production and its social indicators. Partial results point to the need for deepening, both in relation to the formation of this spectator, and the tools of television persuasion. We conclude, for the moment, the importance of demystifying the universality of TV narratives in a counter-hegemonic perspective, which will take the form of teacher training, where an educational product will be produced and validated collectively.À educação impende fomentar a formação e a autonomia intelectual do sujeito que, por sua vez, poderá intervir de maneira crítica sobre a realidade. Nesta perspectiva, temos como objetivo pensar uma metodologia de trabalho de ensino reflexivo entre professores e alunos do Ensino Médio, em ambientes de aprendizagem, a partir da criticidade sobre a produção da TV e seus indicadores sociais. Resultados parciais apontam a necessidade de aprofundamento, tanto em relação à formação desse espectador, quanto às ferramentas de persuasão televisivas. Concluímos, por ora, a importância de desmistificar a universalidade das narrativas da TV numa perspectiva contra-hegemônica, que se concretizará numa formação de professores, onde será produzido e validado, coletivamente, um produto educacional.A la educación se pretende fomentar la formación y la autonomía intelectual del sujeto que, a su vez, podrá intervenir de manera crítica sobre la realidad. En esta perspectiva, tenemos como objetivo pensar una metodología de trabajo de enseñanza reflexiva entre profesores y alumnos de la Enseñanza Media, en ambientes de aprendizaje, a partir de la criticidad sobre la producción de la TV y sus indicadores sociales. Los resultados parciales apuntan a la necesidad de profundización, tanto en relación a la formación de ese espectador, como a las herramientas de persuasión televisivas. Concluimos, por ahora, la importancia de desmitificar la universalidad de las narrativas de la TV en una perspectiva contrahegemónica, que se concretar en una formación de profesores, donde será producido y validado, colectivamente, un producto educativo

Impacto do Método Pilates na qualidade de vida dos praticantes

Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do Método Pilates (MP) na qualidade de vida (QV) de seus praticantes, após três meses de atividade. Método: o estudo foi realizado por meio de um protocolo geral de identificação, anamnese e o questionário Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) para QV. Os critérios de inclusão englobaram iniciantes no MP, excluindo aqueles que praticavam há mais de um mês, que realizassem outro exercício físico concomitante, em situação de pós-operatório e/ou infecções ativas. A amostra foi composta por 23 indivíduos, sendo 16 mulheres e 07 homens, idade média 40,17 (±18,09) anos. Resultados: apontaram melhora da QV na faixa etária até 30 anos (2%); de 41 a 50 anos (8%) (

Impacto do Método Pilates na qualidade de vida dos praticantes

Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do Método Pilates (MP) na qualidade de vida (QV) de seus praticantes, após três meses de atividade. Método: o estudo foi realizado por meio de um protocolo geral de identificação, anamnese e o questionário Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) para QV. Os critérios de inclusão englobaram iniciantes no MP, excluindo aqueles que praticavam há mais de um mês, que realizassem outro exercício físico concomitante, em situação de pós-operatório e/ou infecções ativas. A amostra foi composta por 23 indivíduos, sendo 16 mulheres e 07 homens, idade média 40,17 (±18,09) anos. Resultados: apontaram melhora da QV na faixa etária até 30 anos (2%); de 41 a 50 anos (8%) (

Complicações Pós-Operatórias em Cirurgia Geral: Estratégias de Prevenção e Manejo

This review article addresses postoperative complications in general surgery and the effective strategies for their prevention and management. In the introduction, the importance of the topic and the objectives of the review are emphasized. The methodology includes the search strategy in databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library, with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. The synthesis of results groups the studies into topics such as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs, surgical safety checklists, venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis, and surgical site infection control. The discussion addresses the implications of the results, limitations of the studies, and recommendations for future research. The conclusion highlights the best practices and approaches identified, such as the implementation of ERAS programs, the use of surgical safety checklists, and individualized strategies for VTE prophylaxis and infection control. This study emphasizes the importance of an evidence-based approach to improve outcomes and safety in general surgery.Este artigo de revisão aborda as complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgia geral e as estratégias eficazes para sua prevenção e manejo. Na introdução, enfatiza-se a importância do tema e os objetivos da revisão. A metodologia inclui a estratégia de busca em bases de dados como PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase e Cochrane Library, com critérios de inclusão e exclusão claros. A síntese dos resultados agrupa os estudos em tópicos como programas de Recuperação Avançada Após Cirurgia (ERAS), checklists de segurança cirúrgica, profilaxia do tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) e controle de infecções do sítio cirúrgico. A discussão aborda as implicações dos resultados, limitações dos estudos e recomendações para pesquisas futuras. A conclusão ressalta as melhores práticas e abordagens identificadas, como a implementação de programas ERAS, uso de checklists de segurança e estratégias individualizadas para profilaxia do TEV e controle de infecções. Este estudo destaca a importância de uma abordagem baseada em evidências para melhorar os desfechos e a segurança em cirurgia geral

Extraprensa. Cultura e comunicação na América Latina (Edição Especial sep 2019)

A revista Extraprensa é um periódico destinado à publicação da produção científica nas áreas da cultura e da comunicação no Brasil e América Latina, abrangendo temas como a diversidade cultural, cidadania, expressões das culturas populares, artes, mídias alternativas, epistemologia e metodologia em cultura e comunicação

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data