Os 100 primeiros dias do XXI Governo Constitucional através da imprensa generalista: quando as finanças travam uma mudança de ciclo político

Os 100 primeiros dias de um Governo correspondem a um tempo vital na construção de uma marca. Neste contexto, os media assumem-se como guias de referência de uma opinião pública que vai sendo estruturada em grande parte por influência daquilo que os jornalistas escrevem. Para saber como é que a imprensa generalista mediatizou este período no que diz respeito ao XXI Governo Constitucional, analisamos todos os textos noticiosos dos jornais generalistas que elegeram a ação dos governantes como frame principal. Este conjunto de textos noticiosos totalizou um corpus de 961 artigos jornalísticos e 2165 citações de fontes de informação. Dessa análise sobressai uma cobertura noticiosa intensa (publicam-se em média 2,4 textos por dia), desenvolvida em textos de tamanho médio ou extenso, declinada maioritariamente pelo ângulo positivo, feita em forma de notícia, refletindo mais de metade dos textos acontecimentos previamente agendados pelos atores políticos. Apesar do esforço deste Governo em proclamar um novo ciclo político afastado do tópico da austeridade que havia dominado o discurso político dos anos precedentes, os jornalistas privilegiaram a tematização financeira e, quando o fizeram, criaram uma cobertura jornalística distinta daquela que se constituiu como padrão da actividade governativa dos restantes ministérios. Ano e meio depois do fim oficial do Programa de Assistência Económica e Financeira a Portugal, a imprensa portuguesa continuou a encontrar nas finanças um tópico persistente. Tal aconteceu, porque o calendário político a isso o obrigou, mas porque também os jornalistas não quiseram fazer desvios de rota.The first 100 days of a Government constitute a vital period in the making of a brand. In this context, the media assume themselves as reference guides of a public opinion which is structured largely by influence of what journalists write. To get to know how the generalist press publicized this period regarding the 21st Constitutional Government, we have analyzed all the news texts of general newspapers that elected the governors’ action as main frame. This set of news texts totaled a corpus of 961 news articles and 2165 quotes from information sources. From this analysis, an intense news coverage stood out (on average 2,4 texts are published every day), developed in medium-sized or extensive texts, declined mostly by the positive angle, made in the form of news, more than half of the texts reflecting previously scheduled events by political actors. Despite the efforts of this Government in proclaiming a new political cycle away from the topic of austerity that had dominated the political discourse of the preceding years, journalists promoted financial themes and, when they did, they created a news coverage different from the one which was established as standard of the other ministries’ government activity. Year and a half after the official end of the Program of Economic and Financial Assistance to Portugal, the Portuguese press continued to consider the finance matter a persistent topic. Such happened, not only because the political calendar forced it, but also because journalists didn’t want to make detours

How active are right-wing party members? Portuguese right-wing delegates, from a comparative and a General Incentives Model (GIM) perspective

This contribution explores the role of the incentives and benefits of party affiliation, along with the ideological reasons for being politically active, in particular as a party delegate. The rational for party affiliation and for activism has developed over recent decades, ranging from individual to collective reasons. The incentives that explain activism have been an essential part of the discussion on the reasons for becoming a party member, particularly following the seminal study on the General Incentives Model (GIM)’s, Seyd and Whiteley (1992). Later developments from Whiteley et al. (2019) provided evidence on the activism of radical political forces, as is the case of UKIP in the United Kingdom. Following the GIM framework, this study explores these themes within a Portuguese context, and from a comparative perspective. To date, investigations in this field have rarely focused on Portugal. The research question is: how do delegates view their party’s incentives and benefits, and how is this influenced by their ideological self-positioning on the left–right scale? We argue that the larger the party, the lower the members’ assessment will be of the incentives and benefits achieved. In methodological terms, this study is based on the MAPP project and surveys, applied to Portuguese political party members, including delegates from right-wing parties. The relevance of this article lies in the application of the GIM to delegates of right-wing political parties, in a comparative perspective, considering a downward trend and a Southern European country that has, to date, been little explored in this context (Sierens et al. 2022). The goal is to find evidence of how right-wing party members and delegates view the incentives and benefits that play a role in party activism.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, a popular president who has all the media coverage: Content analysis of the press (2016-2018)

In his first speech, in March 2016, as 20th Portuguese President, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa guaranteed that every Portuguese person was rooted in his first determining thought. It was in the people that President Marcelo found legitimacy to develop everything he sought. But will this concern in building bridges, in bringing others closer to him, be reflected on the journalistic coverage that his work raises? From the analysis of the first two years of his term, what is striking is the depiction of a President who wants everyone close to him, and yet the whole daily press discourse is centred on him. The President has consistently aligned himself with different social actors and has made a visible effort to expand his political action to different Portuguese regions and also to several other countries. However, the President is the main source and hegemonic voice in journalistic discourse. This research begins with the following question: How does the journalistic coverage of President Marcelo's activity, during his two-year term of office (2016-2018), concur with and guarantee the principles of autonomy and exemption in the news construction? Taking into account this research question, in methodological terms, this study will analyse the two years of journalistic coverage of the presidential activity, from a set of daily and weekly newspapers. The technique of content analysis will be used, in a categorical approach, following Bardin’s (2013) and Lopes & Espírito Santo’s (2016) previous framework. The expected results are the identification of the relationship between the political involvement of Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa as President and the construction of the press message, combined with the potential introduction of a new role for the President as a political and media actor of the democratic system.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Artificial Intelligence Research and Its Contributions to the European Union’s Political Governance: Comparative Study between Member States

In the last six decades, many advances have been made in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Bearing in mind that AI technologies are influencing societies and political systems di erently, it can be useful to understand what are the common issues between similar states in the European Union and how these political systems can collaborate with each other, seeking synergies, finding opportunities and saving costs. Therefore, we carried out an exploratory research among similar states of the European Union, in terms of scientific research in areas of AI technologies, namely: Portugal, Greece, Austria, Belgium and Sweden. A key finding of this research is that intelligent decision support systems (IDSS) are essential for the political decision-making process, since politics normally deals with complex and multifaceted decisions, which involve trade-o s between di erent stakeholders. As public health is becoming increasingly relevant in the field of the European Union, the IDSSs can provide relevant contributions, as it may allow sharing critical information and assist in the political decision-making process, especially in response to crisis situations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Research on Politics of the European Union Member States: The Case Study of Portugal

Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) is at the center of academic and public debate. However, its implications on politics remain little understood. To understand the impact of the AI phenomenon on politics of the European Union (EU), we have carried out qualitative multimethod research by performing a systematic literature review and a case study. The first method was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), in order to report the state-of-the-art in the existing literature and explore the most relevant research areas. The second method contained contributions from experts in data science and AI of the Portuguese scientific community. The results showed that solutions such as intelligent decision support systems are improving the political decision-making process and impacting the Portuguese society at local, regional, and national levels. We also found that practitioners and scientists are currently shifting their interests from environmental and biological sciences to healthcare services, which is bringing new challenges in terms of protecting patient/citizen data and growing concerns about handling of critical information. Future research may focus on comparative studies with other EU States to obtain a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the AI phenomenoninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Unindo as pontas soltas com a análise de conteúdo etnográfica

Having the basis for a better, deeper and sustained discussion over a selected content and problem is one of the challenges one may face when a traditional research technique, such as content analysis, is applied in a less common approach as is ethnographic content analysis. The objective of this paper is to undertake a critical discussion about ethnographic content analysis, a specific approach that combines various technical resources, enabling new measures to achieving intriguing and rich results and in-depth discussion, considering a content corpus or data selected. This paper aims at contributing to a critical review of ethnographic content analysis, its advantages and limitations, as well as its potential as an alternative focus and strategy. The type of results expected from the implementation of this feature is either textual or statistical nature, which allows a more comprehensive approach and focuses on multiple details of the construction categorical process.Ter bases para uma melhor, mais profunda e sustentada discussão acerca de um conteúdo e problema selecionados será um dos desafios que se pode enfrentar quando uma técnica de pesquisa tradicional, como a análise de conteúdo, é aplicada num formato menos comum, como é o caso da análise de conteúdo etnográfica. O objetivo deste artigo é o de desenvolver uma discussão crítica acerca da análise de conteúdo etnográfica, uma abordagem específica que combina vários recursos técnicos, permitindo novas medidas para atingir resultados intrigantes e ricos e para uma discussão aprofundada, considerando um corpus ou material de análise selecionado. Este artigo pretende contribuir para fornecer uma visão crítica da análise de conteúdo etnográfica, as suas vantagens e limitações, assim como do seu potencial como um foco alternativo e estratégico. O tipo de resultados esperados desta implementação técnica é tanto textual como de natureza estatística, o que permite uma abordagem mais compreensiva e focada em múltiplos detalhes do processo de construção categórico

ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА: ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЕ ВЫБОРЫ И ПОРТУГАЛИЯ В ЭПОХУ КРИЗИСА

European elections are cyclic ally one of several barometers of how Europeans regard the dimension of the European project in their lives. Other indicators of the importance of the social dynamics of the EU are echoed among European citizens and voters. These indicators are reflected in terms of political participation and are closely related to European institutions such as the European Parliament, European Commission and European Central Bank, and the way they are experienced in every day democratic political expression, reflecting the civic dimension of political culture. The purpose and central challenge of this article is to contribute to an understanding of political culture in the European Union, in terms of electoral participation, especially in the aggravating circumstance of an economic crisis from 2008 onwards. This challenge is also faced more and more markedly at all times by the main political actors on the European stage, keepers and defenders of a long tradition of contemporary European thought, evoking the memory of Jean Monnet, Robert Schumann and Konrad Adenauer, to exalt some of its most prominent founding fathers. The main aim of this article is to contribute to reflection on the importance of voter participation in European political culture and achieve new levels of discussion and practical implementation of citizenship and civic inclusion. On the other hand, at a time when balancing the EU and keeping it running are serious, we also discuss their identity bases in terms of inclusion and political and electoral culture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Land-use influence on Mediterranean perennial swards of Poa bulbosa: a case study in the International Tagus Region

Pastureland abandonment or intensification of livestock activity change the floristic patterns of Mediterranean perennial swards which are very important to the conservation of some bird species. The objectives of this study are: 1) to recognise floristic patterns in Mediterranean perennial swards of Poa bulbosa; 2) to identify the communities that configure the European priority habitat 6220* (Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea); 3) to assess the effects of land-use management on the floristic composition of these communities. Field research was conducted in central eastern and south eastern main land Portugal.Vegetation sampling was carried out in 2009-2010 on 9 sward sites, following the phytosociological concepts. Classification and ordination of relevés were obtained by Two Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN), Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA). Monte Carlo Permutation Tests were performed to analyse differences in floristic patterns. Livestock load, stoniness and land-use history of the last 10 years were selected as the key variables that best explain the ordination model. The absence of extensive livestock grazing results in a reduction of Trifolium subterraneum-dominated areas and in a density/ cover reduction of Poa bulbosa-dominated areas. High livestock loads change the floristic patterns of Mediterranean short swards by favouring species of the Stellarietea mediae class. The control of woody vegetation through grazing or cutting is a key conservation measur

Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on Public Administration: A Systematic Literature Review

The advent of machines power-driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) have strongly influenced the world in the 21st century. The future of AI is promising and is offering a wide range of opportunities for scholars and academics. Although the theme has received a considerable attention over the last years, much has been speculated and little is known about its impacts on the Public Administration. Thus, the purpose of this article is to make the result of those impacts less ambiguous. To this end, we have conducted a systematic review to provide a comprehensive analysis on the latest impacts of AI on the Public Administration. Our intent is to narrow the field of study, while AI is being continuously strengthened with new empirical evidences.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Research on Politics of the European Union Member States: The Case Study of Portugal

Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) is at the center of academic and public debate. However, its implications on politics remain little understood. To understand the impact of the AI phenomenon on politics of the European Union (EU), we have carried out qualitative multimethod research by performing a systematic literature review and a case study. The first method was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), in order to report the state-of-the-art in the existing literature and explore the most relevant research areas. The second method contained contributions from experts in data science and AI of the Portuguese scientific community. The results showed that solutions such as intelligent decision support systems are improving the political decision-making process and impacting the Portuguese society at local, regional, and national levels. We also found that practitioners and scientists are currently shifting their interests from environmental and biological sciences to healthcare services, which is bringing new challenges in terms of protecting patient/citizen data and growing concerns about handling of critical information. Future research may focus on comparative studies with other EU States to obtain a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the AI phenomenon.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio