School Teachers of Today and Tomorrow: What Shall We Do with the Folktales?

En este trabajo indagamos en la percepción que tienen profesionales y estudiantes de magisterio sobre la supresión del cuento popular por sus supuestos contenidos sexistas. Los sujetos participantes son cien profesionales y cien estudiantes que han respondido un cuestionario. Se les planteaba la noticia de la supresión de un total de doscientos cuentos de una biblioteca escolar de Barcelona al atribuirles contenidos sexistas (2019). Los sujetos han expresado su posicionamiento al respecto, sus argumentos y su conocimiento sobre cuentos populares. Posteriormente, se han analizado los datos obtenidos y los resultados ponen de manifiesto, entre otras cuestiones, que para ambos grupos la supresión no es considerada una buena opción. Asimismo se encuentran diferencias en la percepción del sexismo en los cuentos, siendo más notoria en el alumnado. Por otra parte, se halla menor grado de indecisión en el grupo de profesionales, y una predisposición más clara a la modificación de los cuentos para adaptarlos a la época actual, por parte de las y los estudiantes. Este trabajo plantea cuestiones relevantes en cuanto a la consideración que actuales y futuros profesionales de magisterio otorgan al cuento y a su valoración desde una óptica actual. Los resultados obligan a plantear la necesidad de ampliar el conocimiento de los cuentos populares, así como la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la relevancia de los mismos en las acciones educativas escolares

What are we adding to the bonfire? Cancel culture and university students

El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar en la percepción de un grupo de estudiantes universitarios sobre hechos relacionados con la cancelación cultural. Antecedentes: El concepto de censura ha sido analizado desde perspectivas como la de Bourdieu (1990) o Foucault (1999), considerando su evolución hacia la corrección política (Manfredi, 2018) y la cancelación cultural (Fourest, 2021; Ochieng, 2022). Método: Se diseñó un cuestionario que fue respondido por 298 sujetos para conocer su posicionamiento sobre estos hechos: (1) supresión de cuentos en una biblioteca al atribuirles contenidos sexistas (2019); (2) intento de eliminar la película Lo que el viento se llevó de plataformas de difusión, y supresión de la novela Matar un ruiseñor, por connotaciones racistas (2020); (3) retirada de estatuas de espacios públicos por apología del racismo (2020). Resultados: Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que la mayoría se muestran contrarios a la cancelación, aunque en distinta medida si los hechos están relacionados con ficción o con representación histórica. Asimismo, los contrarios a la cancelación demuestran tener mayor conocimiento cultural, aunque existe un elevado porcentaje de indecisión. Discusión: Los hallazgos son la existencia de una panoplia de percepciones sobre la cancelación cultural y una significativa influencia del conocimiento cultural en su percepción

Productive Performance of Sheep in an Agropastoral System on the Coast of Oaxaca, Mexico

Objective: To determine the prolificacy and weight of lambs at birth (BW) in twogenotypes of hair sheep within an agropastoral system on the coast of Oaxaca, Mexico,and to evaluate the effect of two sources of selenium on the performance of lambs fromsaid system during the fattening phase.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was carried out in an agropastoral system(coconut palm and Cynodon dactylon grass) in Río Grande, Oaxaca. Two experimentswere conducted; the first studied 58 ewes distributed in a completely randomized design(CRD) with factorial arrangement of 2x2x3, and focused on the following fixed effects:genotype, number of births, and body condition (BC). The measured variables wereprolificacy and BW. The second experiment studied 23 lambs of 4 months in age thatwere offspring of the females in experiment 1. They were distributed in a CRD withthree treatments: T1, without selenium provided; T2, with barium selenate provided; T3,with selenomethionine provided. The dependent variables were daily weight gain(DWG), dry material consumption (DMC), and feed conversion (FC). Results: The Pelibuey ewes with one and two births and the Black Belly ewes with onebirth demonstrated the highest averages in prolificacy (P?0.05). The lowest averages(P?0.05) were detected in ewes with BC 4 irrespective of number of births. The BW wasaffected (P?0.05) by genotype; Black Belly lambs weighed 680 g (P?0.05) more thatPelibuey lambs. The DWG, DMC and FC behaved similarly (P?0.05) betweentreatments and their general averages were 0.114 kg day -1 , 0.679 kg day -1 , and 6.18,respectively.Study Limitations/Implications: In the agropastoral system, the BC of ewes limitstheir reproductive performance. The weight of the lambs at the start of fatteningdetermines their performance during fattening.Findings/Conclusions: In the agropastoral system, Pelibuey and Black Belly femalespresent adequate prolificacy averages and BW; however, it is very important that theyremain within BC 3. Neither of the two sources of selenium improves DWG, DMC, andFC of lambs fattened in pens in the agropastoral system

Sodium caseinate induces secretion of macrophage colony-stimulating factor from neutrophils

Abstract In this work we provide evidence that granulocytes produce macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the band cell stage and secrete it upon sodium caseinate-mediated differentiation to polymorphonuclear cells. We identified M-CSF in an enriched population of myeloid band cells from murine bone marrow using a chromophorelabeled monoclonal anti-M-CSF antibody. An ELISA assay was then used to detect secreted M-CSF in culture supernatants of enriched band cells differentiated to mature neutrophils using sodium caseinate. Colony formation in vitro by the supernatants from differentiating band cells was blocked by anti-M-CSF, thus suggesting that this factor is the only one responsible for this activity. Our data imply that casein can modulate hematopoiesis possibly via M-CSF production. Finally we discuss the possibility whether this M-CSF in concert with G-CSF could establish a cellular communication network between macrophages and granulocytes allowing them to simultaneously arrive at the inflammatory site

The Ninth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) presents the first spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This ninth data release (DR9) of the SDSS project includes 535,995 new galaxy spectra (median z=0.52), 102,100 new quasar spectra (median z=2.32), and 90,897 new stellar spectra, along with the data presented in previous data releases. These spectra were obtained with the new BOSS spectrograph and were taken between 2009 December and 2011 July. In addition, the stellar parameters pipeline, which determines radial velocities, surface temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities of stars, has been updated and refined with improvements in temperature estimates for stars with T_eff<5000 K and in metallicity estimates for stars with [Fe/H]>-0.5. DR9 includes new stellar parameters for all stars presented in DR8, including stars from SDSS-I and II, as well as those observed as part of the SDSS-III Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration-2 (SEGUE-2). The astrometry error introduced in the DR8 imaging catalogs has been corrected in the DR9 data products. The next data release for SDSS-III will be in Summer 2013, which will present the first data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) along with another year of data from BOSS, followed by the final SDSS-III data release in December 2014.Comment: 9 figures; 2 tables. Submitted to ApJS. DR9 is available at http://www.sdss3.org/dr

A Crucial Role of Flagellin in the Induction of Airway Mucus Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen involved in nosocomial infections. Flagellin is a P. aeruginosa virulence factor involved in host response to this pathogen. We examined the role of flagellin in P. aeruginosa-induced mucus secretion. Using a mouse model of pulmonary infection we showed that PAK, a wild type strain of P. aeruginosa, induced airway mucus secretion and mucin muc5ac expression at higher levels than its flagellin-deficient mutant (ΔFliC). PAK induced expression of MUC5AC and MUC2 in both human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cell line and in primary epithelial cells. In contrast, ΔFliC infection had lower to no effect on MUC5AC and MUC2 expressions. A purified P. aeruginosa flagellin induced MUC5AC expression in parallel to IL-8 secretion in NCI-H292 cells. Accordingly, ΔFliC mutant stimulated IL-8 secretion at significantly lower levels compared to PAK. Incubation of NCI-H292 cells with exogenous IL-8 induced MUC5AC expression and pre-incubation of these cells with an anti-IL-8 antibody abrogated flagellin-mediated MUC5AC expression. Silencing of TLR5 and Naip, siRNA inhibited both flagellin-induced MUC5AC expression and IL-8 secretion. Finally, inhibition of ERK abolished the expression of both PAK- and flagellin-induced MUC5AC. We conclude that: (i) flagellin is crucial in P. aeruginosa-induced mucus hyper-secretion through TLR5 and Naip pathways; (ii) this process is mediated by ERK and amplified by IL-8. Our findings help understand the mechanisms involved in mucus secretion during pulmonary infectious disease induced by P. aeruginosa, such as in cystic fibrosis

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. © 2015. The American Astronomical Society