Neotyphodium coenophialum incidence in tall fescue seeds trade in the Pampas region

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el porcentaje de infección del endófito Neotyphodium coenophialum en semillas comerciales de festuca alta en la región Pampeana Argentina durante la campaña 2007-2008. Se analizaron 45 muestras de semillas comerciales de festuca. De cada muestra, al menos 100 semillas fueron analizadas individualmente por coloración directa y observación microscópica para detectar el endófito. El porcentaje de muestras con infección inferior o igual al 5% fue de 87%, significativamente superior al valor reportado en año 2000 de 68% (p=0,001). Se aportó un dato más a favor de la tendencia de comercializar semillas de festuca alta que cumplan con la reglamentación vigente.The aim was to assess the percentage of Neotyphodium coenophialum infection of commercial seeds of tall fescue in the Argentinean Pampas during 2007/08. Forty-five samples of fescue seeds were analyzed. Of each sample, unless 100 seeds/sample were both stained and observed by microscope to detect the endophyte. The value of 87% of seed samples, which the infection did not exceed the 5%, was significantly higher than the reported value in 2000 of 68% (p=0,001). Data in favor of the trend of tall fescue seed market in line with current regulations was provided.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Incidencia de Neotyphodium coenophialum en semillas comerciales de festuca alta en la Región Pampeana

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el porcentaje de infección del endófito Neotyphodium coenophialum en semillas comerciales de festuca alta en la región Pampeana Argentina durante la campaña 2007-2008. Se analizaron 45 muestras de semillas comerciales de festuca. De cada muestra, al menos 100 semillas fueron analizadas individualmente por coloración directa y observación microscópica para detectar el endófito. El porcentaje de muestras con infección inferior o igual al 5% fue de 87%, significativamente superior al valor reportado en año 2000 de 68% (p=0,001). Se aportó un dato más a favor de la tendencia de comercializar semillas de festuca alta que cumplan con la reglamentación vigente.The aim was to assess the percentage of Neotyphodium coenophialum infection of commercial seeds of tall fescue in the Argentinean Pampas during 2007/08. Forty-five samples of fescue seeds were analyzed. Of each sample, unless 100 seeds/sample were both stained and observed by microscope to detect the endophyte. The value of 87% of seed samples, which the infection did not exceed the 5%, was significantly higher than the reported value in 2000 of 68% (p=0,001). Data in favor of the trend of tall fescue seed market in line with current regulations was provided.Fil: Delgado, Santiago Germán. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Colabelli, Mabel Noemí. ­Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Monterubbianesi, María Gloria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Sara Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Peretti, Ana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: De Battista, Jose Pedro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; Argentin

Neotyphodium coenophialum incidence in tall fescue seeds trade in the Pampas region

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el porcentaje de infección del endófito Neotyphodium coenophialum en semillas comerciales de festuca alta en la región Pampeana Argentina durante la campaña 2007-2008. Se analizaron 45 muestras de semillas comerciales de festuca. De cada muestra, al menos 100 semillas fueron analizadas individualmente por coloración directa y observación microscópica para detectar el endófito. El porcentaje de muestras con infección inferior o igual al 5% fue de 87%, significativamente superior al valor reportado en año 2000 de 68% (p=0,001). Se aportó un dato más a favor de la tendencia de comercializar semillas de festuca alta que cumplan con la reglamentación vigente.The aim was to assess the percentage of Neotyphodium coenophialum infection of commercial seeds of tall fescue in the Argentinean Pampas during 2007/08. Forty-five samples of fescue seeds were analyzed. Of each sample, unless 100 seeds/sample were both stained and observed by microscope to detect the endophyte. The value of 87% of seed samples, which the infection did not exceed the 5%, was significantly higher than the reported value in 2000 of 68% (p=0,001). Data in favor of the trend of tall fescue seed market in line with current regulations was provided.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Neotyphodium coenophialum incidence in tall fescue seeds trade in the Pampas region

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el porcentaje de infección del endófito Neotyphodium coenophialum en semillas comerciales de festuca alta en la región Pampeana Argentina durante la campaña 2007-2008. Se analizaron 45 muestras de semillas comerciales de festuca. De cada muestra, al menos 100 semillas fueron analizadas individualmente por coloración directa y observación microscópica para detectar el endófito. El porcentaje de muestras con infección inferior o igual al 5% fue de 87%, significativamente superior al valor reportado en año 2000 de 68% (p=0,001). Se aportó un dato más a favor de la tendencia de comercializar semillas de festuca alta que cumplan con la reglamentación vigente.The aim was to assess the percentage of Neotyphodium coenophialum infection of commercial seeds of tall fescue in the Argentinean Pampas during 2007/08. Forty-five samples of fescue seeds were analyzed. Of each sample, unless 100 seeds/sample were both stained and observed by microscope to detect the endophyte. The value of 87% of seed samples, which the infection did not exceed the 5%, was significantly higher than the reported value in 2000 of 68% (p=0,001). Data in favor of the trend of tall fescue seed market in line with current regulations was provided.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Cama de pollo en Entre Ríos. Aportes para un mejor uso y manejo

La cama de pollo (CP) es un residuo de la producción avícola de pollos parrilleros. Entre Ríos y en particular el área de influencia de la Estación Experimental del INTA Concepción del Uruguay constituyen el principal núcleo productivo de esta rama de la avicultura a nivel país. Entre Ríos concentró el 48,7% de la faena del año 2015. El objetivo del libro es acercar a profesionales, productores, empresas e instituciones interesadas, la información obtenida relativa a la CP por esta unidad del INTA, a través de una compilación.EEA Concepción del UruguayFil: Almada, Natalia Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Araujo, Santiago Ruben. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Arias, Norma Monica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Bernigaud, Irma Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Bueno, Dante Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: De Battista, Juan José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Duarte, Sabrina Lorena. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Duarte, Sabrina Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Federico, Francisco Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Ferrer, José Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay. Agencia de Extensión Rural Villaguay; ArgentinaFil: Gallinger, Claudia Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Gange, Juan Martí­n. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Ana Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Genta, Guillermo. Actividad privada; ArgentinaFil: Procura, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Procura, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); ArgentinaFil: Pulido, Diego Germán. Actividad privada; ArgentinaFil: Re, Alejo Esteban. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); ArgentinaFil: Soria, Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; Argentin

AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit defects are a cause of neurodevelopmental disorders.

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca2+-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification. Our results show that de-novo variants in GRIA2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, complementing evidence that other genetic causes of ID, ASD and DEE also disrupt glutamatergic synaptic transmission

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks