The Dawn of Multi-Messenger Astronomy

The recent discoveries of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and gravitational waves have opened new windows of exploration to the Universe. Combining neutrino observations with measurements of electromagnetic radiation and cosmic rays promises to unveil the sources responsible for the neutrino emission and to help solve long-standing problems in astrophysics such as the origin of cosmic rays. Neutrino observations may also help localize gravitational-wave sources, and enable the study of their astrophysical progenitors. In this work we review the current status and future plans for multi-messenger searches of neutrino sources.Comment: To appear in "Neutrino Astronomy- Current status, future prospects", Eds. T. Gaisser & A. Karle (World Scientific

The exceptional TeV flaring activity of the blazar 1ES 1959+650 in 2015 and 2016 as observed with VERITAS

The high-synchrotron-peaked blazar 1ES 1959+650 was among the first extragalactic sources detected in the very high energy gamma ray band (VHE, E > 100 GeV). In October 2015, the source entered an extended period of activity that continued through July 2016, during which several strong VHE flares were observed. This flaring activity in the TeV band was accompanied by a strong increase in the optical, X-ray, and GeV gamma-ray flux of the source, surpassing its brightest recorded flux states. The VERITAS telescope array performed observations of 1ES 1959+650 between October 2015 and June 2016, and detected the source multiple times at a flux higher than the Crab nebula flux in the TeV band, representing the brightest flares of this object since 2002. We here present results from the analysis of 32 hours of VERITAS observations obtained during this period and as well as a contemporaneous multi-wavelength observations in the optical, X-ray, and GeV gamma-ray bands.Comment: In Proceedings of the International Cosmic Ray Conference 2017, Busan, South Kore

Reflection formulas for order derivatives of Bessel functions

From new integral representations of the $n$-th derivative of Bessel functions with respect to the order, we derive some reflection formulas for the first and second order derivative of $J_{\nu }\left( t\right)$ and % Y_{\nu }\left( t\right) for integral order, and for the $n$-th order derivative of $I_{\nu }\left( t\right)$ and $K_{\nu }\left( t\right)$ for arbitrary real order. As an application of the reflection formulas obtained for the first order derivative, we extend some formulas given in the literature to negative integral order. Also, as a by-product, we calculate an integral which does not seem to be reported in the literature.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1808.0560