In vitro cultivation and fruit body formation of the black bolete, Phlebopus portentosus, a popular edible ectomycorrhizal fungus in Thailand

The tropical black bolete Phlebopus portentosus is highly favored in the cuisine of northern Thailand. It is suspected to form ectomycorrhizae with many host trees. Mycelium of P. portentosus isolated from a basidiome in Chiang Rai Province in 2003 grew well on modified Gamborg, modified Melin-Norkans, and Murashige and Skoog media at 30°C and at pH 4. In vitro fructification of P. portentosus on sorghum grain medium without a host plant is presented for the first time. Basidiomes emerged 3 months after inoculation on the medium, and the produced basidiospores germinated on agar, indicating the completion of its life cycle in vitro without a host. Five putative host plants (Castanopsis tribuloides, Dipterocarpus alatus, Dimocarpus longan, Pinus kesiya, and Syzygium cumini) were inoculated with mycelium on sorghum grain medium in a greenhouse to confirm its ectomycorrhizal status. Ectomycorrhizal roots were observed only on Pinus kesiya, suggesting that P. portentosus may be facultatively ectomycorrhizal. Identification of the synthesized ectomycorrhizae was confirmed by PCR amplification of ITS with a designed specific primer (HAR2A)

First record of Tricholoma fulvocastaneum from Thailand

Tricholoma fulvocastaneum is recorded from Thailand for the first time. This edible ectomycorrhizal fungus is associated with Castanopsis tribuloides (Fagaceae) in mixed evergreen forest in northern Thailand. Conventional and molecular methods were carried out to confirm its identity

Nutritive value of popular wild edible mushrooms from northern Thailand

The nutritive (and market) value of sporocarps of edible wild ectomycorrhizal fungi from northern Thailand was determined. Protein, fat, crude fibre and carbohydrate concentrations were 14.0–24.2, 2.7–9.5, 8.3–16.8, and 41.6–65.1% dry weight, respectively. Mineral contents were: macronutrients (mg/g dry wt.) P 2.1–8.1, K 12.8–45.2, S 1.1–6.1, Ca 0.1–2.4, Mg 0.5–1.6; micronutrients (mg/kg dry wt.) Fe 162–3254, Zn 37.8–253, Mn 13.0–329, Cu 11.6–81.1, B 1.6–7.1, and Se 0–12.6. The main sporocarp sugars were d-glucose, d-fructose, trehalose, d-mannose, d-arabinose, d-xylose, d-fucose, l-rhamnose, and d-galactose. The sugar alcohol components were mannitol, glycerol, myo-inositol, meso-erythritol, d-arabitol, dulcitol, xylitol, and d-sorbitol

Studies on Amanita (Basidiomycetes: Amanitaceae) in Northern Thailand

Specimens of the genus Amanita, collected from northern Thailand and deposited in the fungal herbarium of Chiang Mai University and some overseas herbaria were studied. Twenty-five taxa, including eighteen new to Thailand, are described briefly. A key to species is provided. The new records for Thailand are A. alboflavescens, A. avellaneosquamosa, A. chepangiana, A. clarisquamosa, A. flavipes sensu lato, A. fritillaria, A. fuliginea, A. hongoi, A japonica, A. manginiana sensu W.F. Chui, A. obsita, A. ovalispora, A. pseudoporphyria, A. rubrovolvata, A. sinensis, A. sinocitrina, A. subglobosa, and A. virgineoides. A type study of A. pudibunda is included. Amanita frostiana sensu R. Heim is proposed to be properly diagnosed as A. rubrovolvata