Novel Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering

Novel metal oxide-doped fluorophosphates nano-glass powders were synthesized by melt quenching method, and their non-toxicity is proved by MTT. Their efficacy in bone formation is confirmed by osteocalcin and ALP secretion. Composites were made using PLA, PDLLA, PPF, or 1,2-diol with fluorophosphates nano-glass powders (AgFp/MgFp/ZnFp). Their non-toxicity was assessed by cell adhesion and MTT. The ability of the composite for bioconversion was assessed by RT-PCR estimation for osteocalcin, Collagen II, RUNX2, Chondroitin sulfate, and ALP secretion accessed by ELISA method. The animal study in rabbit showed good callus formation by bioconduction and bioinduction. The bioconversion of the composite itself was proved by modified Tetrachrome staining. From the 12 different composites with different composition, the composite PPF+PDLLA+PPF+ZnFp showed the best results. These obtained results of the composites made from common biological molecules are better than the standards and so they do biomimic as bone substitutes. The composites can be made as strips or granules or cylinders and will be a boon to the operating surgeon. The composite meets nearly all the requirements for bone tissue engineering and nullifies the defect in the existing ceramic composites