An Approach to Extract Feature Using MFCC for Isolated Word in Speaker Identification System

The speech is the prominent and natural form of communication among human being. There are different aspects related to speech like speaker identification, speaker recognition, Automatic speech recognition(ASR), speech synthesis etc. The purpose of this work is to study speaker identification system using Hidden markov Model (HMM).The goal of Speaker Identification System (SIS) is to determine which speaker is speaking based on spoken information. The system uses Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCC) for feature extraction , HMM for pattern training and viterbi techniques. The success of MFCC combined with their robust and cost effective combination turned them into a standard choice in speaker identification system.HMM and viterbi decoding provide a highly reliable way of recognizing odia speech

Optimization of Machine Parameters for the Peeling of Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Mother Corm in a Commercial Abrasive Peeler

Aims: The purpose of this study was to optimize the machine parameters of a commercially available tuber peeler for the peeling of mother corms. Study Design: CCRD (Central composite rotatable design) method of the response surface methodology (RSM) technique. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Processing and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India), between June 2021 and December 2021. Methodology: For maximum yield with minimum loss, the process was conducted with three different variables such as rotating disc speed (350, 450 and 550 rpm), peeling duration (60, 120 and 180 sec) and batch load (1, 1.5 and 2 kg) for responses such as peeling efficiency (ηp), material loss (ML) and peeling effectiveness (PE). Results: The results showed that peeling performance was influenced by variations in disc speed, peeling duration, and batch load of the peeling process. Rotating disc speed of 455 rpm, peeling duration of 115 sec and 1.35 kg of batch load were found to be the optimum condition for taro corm peeling. The corresponding peeling efficiency, peeling effectiveness and material loss were 92.64 %, 84.87 % and 8.21% respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the method can be successfully utilized in the commercial processing of mother corms

Sustainable use of industrial-waste as partial replacement of fine aggregate for preparation of concrete – A review

Utilisation of industrial waste materials in concrete compensates the lack of natural resources, solving the disposal problem of waste and to find alternative technique to safeguard the nature. There are a number of industrial wastes used as fully or partial replacement of coarse aggregate or fine aggregate. This review carries out a thorough assessment about industrial waste substances, which can be adequately utilised in concrete as fine aggregate substitution. This paper reviewed some of these industrial wastes like waste foundry sand, steel slag, copper slag, imperial smelting furnace slag (ISF slag), blast furnace slag, coal bottom ash, ferrochrome slag, palm oil clinker etc. Out of these materials, maximum number of experiments have been conducted using waste foundry sand and copper slag as fine aggregate replacement, but still more examinations are required for other waste materials as replacement of sand in concrete. Different physical and mechanical properties of industrial waste as well as of industrial waste concrete, in which natural sand is substituted have been reviewed and comparisons are made between them. Deflection and leaching study review are carried out additionally and compared. It can be observed that the concrete where sand is replaced by copper slag, imperial smelting furnace slag, class F fly ash exhibits improved strength and durability properties, but it’s slump increases as the rate of replacement increases in the case of copper slag and the slump decreases in the case of class F fly ash. There is a less research work reported on ferrochrome slag and palm oil clinker used as sand substitution, so it is felt that further detailed investigations are required

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Not AvailableThe change in food consumption patterns from ensuri ng an adequate supply of calories and nutrients to an increased em phasis on quality and convenience and the demand of consumers on convenie nce as well as fresh texture, flavour and appearance have led to a relat ively new area of food preservation - minimally processed or lightly proce ssed foods. Mechanical damage to the cells during processing, however, is a major limitation to shelf life of minimally processed fruits and vegeta bles. The damages enhance the process of deterioration by increased m icrobial activity, respiration and senescence. Hence, in addition to s torage and transportation under a low temperature environment, an additional barrier in the form of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) has been tried extensively for increasing the shelf life of these products. Studie s indicate that MAP can be adopted for different types of minimally processed fruits and vegetables such as broccoli, spinach, lettuce, melon, apple, c ucumber, carrot and some others; either individually or in combination to in crease the shelf life and maintain freshness for a relatively longer period. The cultivars of a specific produce, however, differ in their characteristics. Their respiration rate is also dependent on temperature, composition of stora ge atmosphere, degree of processing and storage life among other factors. Therefore, maintenance of proper concentration of oxygen and carbon-dioxid e in the packages needs a thorough research about the produce and pac kage characteristics.Not Availabl

Drying kinetics and quality aspects during heat pump drying of onion (Allium cepa L.)

Normal 0 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 A prototype heat pump dryer has been developed for drying of fruits and vegetables at low temperature and relative humidity to maintain the quality of dried product. Onions, of Nasik red variety were peeled, trimmed and sliced to 2 mm thickness. The onion slices were dried in the heat pump dryer at 35&ordm;C (32 % R.H.), 40&ordm;C (26 % R.H.), 45&ordm;C (19 % R.H.) and 50&ordm;C (15 % R.H.). Samples were also dried in a hot air dryer at 50&ordm;C (52 % R.H.) for comparison. The drying rate increased with increase in drying air temperature, associated with reduced R.H., in the heat pump dryer. Drying took place mainly under the falling rate period. The Page equation, resulting in a higher coefficient of determination and lower root mean square error, better described the thin-layer drying of onion slices than the Henderson and Pabis equation. Heat pump drying took less drying time of 360 min and yielded better quality dried product, with higher retention of ascorbic acid and pyruvic acid and lower colour change, as compared to a hot air dryer at the same drying air temperature of 50&ordm;C.</p

Enhancement of thermal and techno-economic performance and prediction of drying kinetics of paddy dried in solar bubble dryer

The development and performance evaluation of a solar Bubble drier (SBD) for drying agricultural produce are presented in this study. In order to evaluate the solar bubble dryer's performance in terms of drying characteristics and end-product economics, it was compared to the solar tunnel dryer (STD). A solar tunnel dryer is a structure with a tunnel-like shape that is covered in UV-stabilized polythene sheet so that industrial and agricultural items can be dried off. While there was no load, the maximum temperatures inside the solar bubble dryer and solar tunnel dryer were 56.25 and 49.30 °C, respectively. When there was a full load, the maximum temperatures inside the dryer were 49.55 and 33.20 °C, respectively. For solar bubble dryers, the average final moisture content ranged from 13.07±0.335 % to 18.74±0.716 % (w.b.), while for solar tunnel dryers, it ranged from 13.60±0.575 % to 20.60±0.751 % (w.b.). The mean drying rate also varied depending on the drying air temperature and air flow mode, ranging from 0.081±0.020 to 0.006±0.005 kg/kg dm-h for solar bubble dryers and 0.056±0.025 to 0.005±0.002 kg/kg dm-h for solar tunnel dryers. The thermal efficiency of the developed dryer was found to be 58.39% for solar bubble dryers and 48.09% for solar tunnel dryers, which are significantly higher than that of other general Sun drying (36%). However, the drying rate varied between 0.081 to 0.006 g of water evaporated per g of dry matter per hour when solar bubble dryer was adopted and 0.014 to 0.007 g for solar tunnel dryer. Economic analysis showed that the SBD and STD had payback periods of 3.23 and 2.54 years, respectively. However, the cost of drying came lower for the SBD than the STD, which were Rs. 1.51 per kg and Rs. 1.76 per kg