Reproducibility of producing monolithic aluminum oxide shapes by sol-gel method

The characteristics of the gels derived by Yoldas\u27s method were investigated in this work. Important factors to produce a transparent gel such as acid amount per alkoxide and dependence upon water temperature in the hydrolysis process are reviewed. The reproducibility of the technique for producing monolithic alumina shapes and possible problems during the drying process are described in terms of the classification of gels derived by this method --Abstract, page iii

Optical Transmittance Improvements of Al2O3/TiO2 Multilayer OLED Encapsulation Films Processed by Atomic Layer Deposition

Encapsulation of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is the only way to prevent degradation due to the penetration of moisture and oxygen. However, the upper encapsulation layer, located in the path through which light from the OLED passes, adversely affects light transmission. In this study, we calculated the optical transmittance by using admittance trajectory simulation and compared the data with actual Al2O3/TiO2 multilayer film processed by atomic layer deposition (ALD). By applying the simulated data on to actual encapsulation layer, we can observe the optical transmittance increase of up to 8% compared to the film of Al2O3/TiO2/Al2O3 structure. Over 90% of optical transmittance was achieved for all the visible wavelength ranges while maintaining water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the processed multilayer thin film as low as of 5 ?? 10???5 g/m2/day, which was measured using MOCON Aquatran 2

Nonvolatile Memory Device with Designed Geometric Nanocrystal and its Analytical Modeling

Nonvolatile memory (NVM) characteristics are presented using well-ordered geometric Cr nanocrystal (NC) through the assistance of the block copolymer template. An analytical model for a cone shaped NC was developed and it was well-matched with the measured data. Program efficiency depending on different NC shapes: hemisphere, circular cone, and sphere was comprehensively investigated by the proposed model Nonvolatile Memory Device with Designed Geometric Nanocrystal and its Analytical Modeling. Available from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/266471802_Nonvolatile_Memory_Device_with_Designed_Geometric_Nanocrystal_and_its_Analytical_Modeling [accessed Oct 12, 2015]

Geometric Effects of Nanocrystals in Nonvolatile Memory Using Block Copolymer Nanotemplate

This study describes geometric characteristics of a nonvolatile memory (NVM) device with a designed chromium (Cr) nanocrystal (NC) floating gate. By using a block copolymer (BCP) nanotemplate as a mask layer, cone-shaped NCs and disc-shaped NCs were formed. It Was found that the NVM device using the cone-shaped NC had a better program efficiency than that of the device using the disc-shaped one. This trend was verified by a theoretical model, which considered an effect of the capacitive-coupling ratio between a control gate and a NC floating gate. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.close2

Critical regulation of follicular helper T cell differentiation and function by G alpha(13) signaling

GPCR-G alpha protein-mediated signal transduction contributes to spatiotemporal interactions between immune cells to fine-tune and facilitate the process of inflammation and host protection. Beyond this, however, how G alpha proteins contribute to the helper T cell subset differentiation and adaptive response have been underappreciated. Here, we found that G alpha 13 signaling in T cells plays a crucial role in inducing follicular helper T (Tfh) cell differentiation in vivo. T cell-specific G alpha 13-deficient mice have diminished Tfh cell responses in a cell-intrinsic manner in response to immunization, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, and allergen challenges. Moreover, G alpha 13-deficient Tfh cells express reduced levels of Bcl-6 and CXCR5 and are functionally impaired in their ability to adhere to and stimulate B cells. Mechanistically, G alpha 13-deficient Tfh cells harbor defective Rho-ROCK2 activation, and Rho agonist treatment recuperates Tfh cell differentiation and expression of Bcl-6 and CXCR5 in Tfh cells of T cell-specific G alpha 13-deficient mice. Conversely, ROCK inhibitor treatment hampers Tfh cell differentiation in wild-type mice. These findings unveil a crucial regulatory role of G alpha 13-Rho-ROCK axis in optimal Tfh cell differentiation and function, which might be a promising target for pharmacologic intervention in vaccine development as well as antibody-mediated immune disorders.Y