Possible Patterns

“There are no gaps in logical space,” David Lewis writes, giving voice to sentiment shared by many philosophers. But different natural ways of trying to make this sentiment precise turn out to conflict with one another. One is a *pattern* idea: “Any pattern of instantiation is metaphysically possible.” Another is a *cut and paste* idea: “For any objects in any worlds, there exists a world that contains any number of duplicates of all of those objects.” We use resources from model theory to show the inconsistency of certain packages of combinatorial principles and the consistency of others

Integrating Theory and Practice Into the Professional Responsibility Curriculum at the University of Texas

Teaching ethics to large classes has always proved to be a great challenge for those who teach professional responsibility at the University of Texas. A new program at the University of Texas to improve the professional responsibility curriculum is discussed

A report on the Shattuck and Arizona Mine at Bisbee, Arizona

The Shattuck and Arizona Mine is about one-half mile southwest of the town of Bisbee and five-sixteenths of a mile west of the Holbrook shaft of the Copper Queen property. The mine is on the east slope of Escanbrosa Ridge and a quarter of a mile up Uncle Sam Gulch. It adjoins the Uncle Sam Mine on the north and the Cuprite, a Copper Queen property, on the east --Location, page 1

The effect of the English industrial revolution on the English novel during the nineteenth century

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1932. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

DAM REGULATIONS EFFECTS ON SAND BAR MIGRATION ON THE MISSOURI RIVER: SOUTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA

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An assessment of foreign investors in the Washington, D.C. real estate market

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1987 [first author]; and, (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1987 [second author].Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-62).by S. John Hodge and S. Kent Roberts.M.S

'Encore' Red Raspberry

'Encore' is a new red raspberry developed by Cornell University at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, New York. 'Encore' is outstanding for its consistent performance over many years of testing. 'Encore' is a late season red raspberry cultivar developed for growers interested in increasing their late season production. Specifically, it has excellent winter hardiness in zone 5, very good plant production and vigor, and commercial yields of large size fruit that peak in production late in the harvest season. 'Encore' is adapted to upick, retail, and wholesale markets. Its firm fruit withstand handling and packing to produce an attractive pack for resale. 'Encore' has potential to become a leading red raspberry cultivar in the East Coast and Great Lakes regions

Trading Volume and Serial Correlation in Stock Returns

This paper investigates the relationship between aggregate stock market trading volume and the serial correlation of daily stock returns. For both stock indexes and individual large stocks, the first-order daily return autocorrelation tends to decline with volume. The paper explains this phenomenon using a model in which risk-averse "market makers" accommodate buying or selling pressure from "liquidity" or "noninformational" traders. Changing expected stock returns reward market makers for playing this role. The model implies that a stock price decline on a high-volume day is more likely than a stock price decline on a low-volume day to be associated with an increase in the expected stock return.Economic

A new look at an old virus: patterns of mutation accumulation in the human H1N1 influenza virus since 1918

BACKGROUND: The H1N1 influenza A virus has been circulating in the human population for over 95 years, first manifesting itself in the pandemic of 1917–1918. Initial mortality was extremely high, but dropped exponentially over time. Influenza viruses have high mutation rates, and H1N1 has undergone significant genetic changes since 1918. The exact nature of H1N1 mutation accumulation over time has not been fully explored. METHODS: We have made a comprehensive historical analysis of mutational changes within H1N1 by examining over 4100 fully-sequenced H1N1 genomes. This has allowed us to examine the genetic changes arising within H1N1 from 1918 to the present. RESULTS: We document multiple extinction events, including the previously known extinction of the human H1N1 lineage in the 1950s, and an apparent second extinction of the human H1N1 lineage in 2009. These extinctions appear to be due to a continuous accumulation of mutations. At the time of its disappearance in 2009, the human H1N1 lineage had accumulated over 1400 point mutations (more than 10% of the genome), including approximately 330 non-synonymous changes (7.4% of all codons). The accumulation of both point mutations and non-synonymous amino acid changes occurred at constant rates (μ = 14.4 and 2.4 new mutations/year, respectively), and mutations accumulated uniformly across the entire influenza genome. We observed a continuous erosion over time of codon-specificity in H1N1, including a shift away from host (human, swine, and bird [duck]) codon preference patterns. CONCLUSIONS: While there have been numerous adaptations within the H1N1 genome, most of the genetic changes we document here appear to be non-adaptive, and much of the change appears to be degenerative. We suggest H1N1 has been undergoing natural genetic attenuation, and that significant attenuation may even occur during a single pandemic. This process may play a role in natural pandemic cessation and has apparently contributed to the exponential decline in mortality rates over time, as seen in all major human influenza strains. These findings may be relevant to the development of strategies for managing influenza pandemics and strain evolution