Developing a Systematic Subject Instruction Curriculum in Student Teaching Practice: Through the Development and Application of Rubrics

In the practical training at Hiroshima University, we provided practical training guidance using rubrics. Based on the appraisal of the apprentices based on the rubrics and analysis based on the descriptions in the questionnaire and the lesson plan, we found that the rubrics are an effective tool for clarifying the goals to be achieved in the initial stage of apprenticeship and the policies that apprentices should take

Study on effective instruction method for student teaching (I) : Analysis of the trips in when the student teacher make a teaching plan

広島大学附属福山中・高等学校において実施されている教育実習をより充実させるために，教育実習指導Ｂと中高実習Ⅰ・Ⅱの効果的な指導方法を，３か年にわたり研究していく。この研究を行うことで，今まで指導教員の経験と直感に頼っていた実習生の取組課題に系統性を与えるとともに，指導教員の評価や助言も効果的なものにできると考える。１年次は，教育実習指導Ｂを受講した実習生が指導案作成のどの場面でつまづいているのかを調査するため，実習生へのアンケートをおこない，実習生が作成した指導案を分析した。その結果，多くの実習生が，教材研究の段階でつまづいていることが，明らかになった。また，実習Ｂの指導により，教材研究の段階から授業構成の段階へと，つまづき場面が変化していることも分かった。こうしたつまづきを克服するための，効果的な指導・助言といった手立ての研究をおこない体系化することが，今後の課題である。It lasts for three years and studies an effective instruction method of student teaching instruction B and training I, II to expand student teaching carried out in a high school in Fukuyama attached to Hiroshima University more. I performed the questionnaire to a trainee to investigate it which scene of the teaching plan making the trainee who attended student teaching instruction B tripped in 1 annual and analyzed the teaching plan that a trainee made. As a result, it was revealed that many trainees tripped at the stage of the teaching materials study. In addition, I understood that I tripped from the stage of the teaching materials study on a stage of the class constitution, and a scene changed by instruction of training B

Importance of Serum Concentration of Adefovir for Lamivudine-Adefovir Combination Therapy in Patients with Lamivudine-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B▿

Lamivudine (LMV)-adefovir pivoxil (ADV) combination therapy suppresses the replication of LMV-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV), although its efficacy in suppressing HBV varies among patients. This study analyzed the clinical, virological, and pharmaceutical factors that influence the effect of the combination therapy. Patients negative for hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) and with low HBV DNA titers immediately prior to the combination therapy effectively cleared serum HBV DNA (P = 0.0348 and P = 0.0310, respectively). The maximum concentration of ADV in serum (ADV Cmax) was higher in patients who showed HBV DNA clearance (P = 0.0392), and the cumulative clearance rates of HBV DNA were significantly higher in patients with ADV Cmax equal to or greater than 24 ng/ml (P = 0.0284). HBeAg negativity and lower HBV DNA at the start of the combination therapy and higher ADV Cmax were found to be independent factors for serum HBV DNA clearance. Serum creatinine increased significantly during the combination therapy, and the ADV Cmax was higher in patients with low creatinine clearance rates. In conclusion, higher serum concentrations of ADV are associated with a good response to therapy based on clearance of HBV DNA in serum. However, care should be taken to prevent worsening of renal function due to high ADV serum concentrations