The chronic pain coping inventory: Confirmatory factor analysis of the French version

BACKGROUND: Coping strategies are among the psychosocial factors hypothesized to contribute to the development of chronic musculoskeletal disability. The Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) was developed to assess eight behavioral coping strategies targeted in multidisciplinary pain treatment (Guarding, Resting, Asking for Assistance, Task Persistence, Relaxation, Exercise/Stretch, Coping Self-Statements and Seeking Social Support). The present study had two objectives. First, it aimed at measuring the internal consistency and the construct validity of the French version of the CPCI. Second, it aimed to verify if, as suggested by the CPCI authors, the scales of this instrument can be grouped according to the following coping families: Illness-focused coping and Wellness-focused coping. METHOD: The CPCI was translated into French with the forward and backward translation procedure. To evaluate internal consistency, Cronbach's alphas were computed. Construct validity of the inventory was estimated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in two samples: a group of 439 Quebecois workers on sick leave in the sub-acute stage of low back pain (less than 84 days after the work accident) and a group of 388 French chronic pain patients seen in a pain clinic. A CFA was also performed to evaluate if the CPCI scales were grouped into two coping families (i.e. Wellness-focused and Illness-focused coping). RESULTS: The French version of the CPCI had adequate internal consistency in both samples. The CFA confirmed the eight-scale structure of the CPCI. A series of second-order CFA confirmed the composition of the Illness-focused family of coping (Guarding, Resting and Asking for Assistance). However, the composition of the Wellness-focused family of coping (Relaxation, Exercise/Stretch, Coping Self-Statements and Seeking Social Support) was different than the one proposed by the authors of the CPCI. Also, a positive correlation was observed between Illness and Wellness coping families. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that the internal consistency and construct validity of the French version of the CPCI were adequate, but the grouping and labeling of the CPCI families of coping are debatable and deserve further analysis in the context of musculoskeletal and pain rehabilitation

Réactions cognitives et comportementales de douloureux chroniques pris en charge dans une unité spécialisée (vers une approche transactionnelle de la douleur)

Même si la douleur chronique s'accompagne souvent de complications, il existe une variabilité inter-individuelle considérable dans la manière de réagir à celle-ci. Le modèle transactionnel du stress, dans lequel les processus d'évaluation et de coping ont un rôle central, apparaît pouvoir expliquer ces différences d'ajustement à la douleur. Afin de tester l'intérêt de l'application de ce modèle conceptuel à la douleur chronique, 145 patients pris en charge dans une unité de traitement multidisciplinaire ont complété lors de leur admission des mesures relatives à certaines caractéristiques sociobiographiques, psychologiques et médicales. Les variables transactionnelles (croyances, ressources perçues et coping) ont été évaluées 3 mois après, et les critères d'ajustement (détresse, handicap et qualité de vie) 9 mois plus tard. En accord avec le modèle transactionnel, des analyses en pistes causales montrent l'effet prédicteur des processus d'évaluation primaire (croyances) sur les processus d'évaluation secondaire (ressources perçues), qui eux-mêmes prédisent le coping. Parmi les antécédents, l'activité professionnelle, l'importance du foyer, l'intensité de la douleur, une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire, la dépression et la colère exercent une influence directe sur l'ajustement. Certains antécédents ont des effets indirects sur l'ajustement, effets qui sont médiatisés par des variables transactionnelles. La permanence a un effet médiateur dans la relation entre l'hostilité et la qualité de vie, et dans la relation entre l'hostilité et un coping passif. La dramatisation et la sollicitude de l'entourage ont un effet médiateur dans la relation entre le fait de vivre en couple et un coping passif. Les résultats de cette étude sont en accord avec un modèle multifactoriel et intégratif de la douleur qui considère l'ajustement à la douleur chronique comme déterminé à la fois par des facteurs contextuels, psychosociaux et transactionnels.Although a number of problems are commonly associated with chronic pain, there appears to be considerable variability in individual responses to pain. Transactional model of stress, in which appraisals and coping processes are believed to play a central role, has been invoked to explain adjustment differences among chronic pain patients. To test the utility of such conceptual model for understanding chronic pain, 145 patients entering a multidisciplinary pain treatment center completed measures of sociobiographic, pain and personality characteristics at their admission and the measures of pain beliefs, control appraisals, social support and coping 3 months later. Chronic pain adjustment (distress, disability and quality of life) was assessed 9 months later. Path analyses revealed that primary (beliefs) and secondary appraisals (control and social support) make statistically significant contributions to the prediction of coping strategies. Results showed significant relationships between some primary appraisals and secondary appraisals. The results support transactional model that view appraisal and coping processes as interacted reciprocally and dynamically over time. Among antecedents variables, employment and family status, pain severity, multidisciplinary treatment, depression and anger have a direct influence on adjustment criteria. Some antecedents have indirect effects on adjustment criteria, their effects are mediated through process variables. Permanence belief about pain has a mediator effect on the relation between anger and quality of life, and on the relation between anger and external control. Catastrophizing and solicitous responses from family members have a mediator effect between marital status and passive coping strategies. These findings are consistent with a multifactorial and integrative model of pain that hypotheses a role for contextual, psychosocial and transactional factors as contributing to adjustment chronic pain.BORDEAUX2-BU Sci.Homme/Odontol. (330632102) / SudocSudocFranceF

The chronic pain coping inventory: Confirmatory factor analysis of the French version

Abstract Background Coping strategies are among the psychosocial factors hypothesized to contribute to the development of chronic musculoskeletal disability. The Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) was developed to assess eight behavioral coping strategies targeted in multidisciplinary pain treatment (Guarding, Resting, Asking for Assistance, Task Persistence, Relaxation, Exercise/Stretch, Coping Self-Statements and Seeking Social Support). The present study had two objectives. First, it aimed at measuring the internal consistency and the construct validity of the French version of the CPCI. Second, it aimed to verify if, as suggested by the CPCI authors, the scales of this instrument can be grouped according to the following coping families: Illness-focused coping and Wellness-focused coping. Method The CPCI was translated into French with the forward and backward translation procedure. To evaluate internal consistency, Cronbach's alphas were computed. Construct validity of the inventory was estimated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in two samples: a group of 439 Quebecois workers on sick leave in the sub-acute stage of low back pain (less than 84 days after the work accident) and a group of 388 French chronic pain patients seen in a pain clinic. A CFA was also performed to evaluate if the CPCI scales were grouped into two coping families (i.e. Wellness-focused and Illness-focused coping). Results The French version of the CPCI had adequate internal consistency in both samples. The CFA confirmed the eight-scale structure of the CPCI. A series of second-order CFA confirmed the composition of the Illness-focused family of coping (Guarding, Resting and Asking for Assistance). However, the composition of the Wellness-focused family of coping (Relaxation, Exercise/Stretch, Coping Self-Statements and Seeking Social Support) was different than the one proposed by the authors of the CPCI. Also, a positive correlation was observed between Illness and Wellness coping families. Conclusion The present study indicates that the internal consistency and construct validity of the French version of the CPCI were adequate, but the grouping and labeling of the CPCI families of coping are debatable and deserve further analysis in the context of musculoskeletal and pain rehabilitation.</p

Stratégies de coping des patients douloureux : adaptation française du coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ-F)

International audienc

Stratégies de coping des patients douloureux : adaptation française du coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ-F)

International audienc

Stratégies de coping des patients douloureux : adaptation française du coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ-F)

International audienc