Biomedical engineering support. Quarterly progress report, November 16, 1974--February 15, 1975

During the quarter covered by this progress report (November 16, 1974, to February 15, 1975), two implantation experiments were conducted to further develop surgical procedures as well as to assess the overall performance and adequacy of the AEC Blood Pump and ventricles

Comparative study on the impact of coal and uranium mining, processing, and transportation in the western United States

A comparative study and quantitative assessment of the impacts, costs and benefits associated with the mining, processing and transportation of coal and uranium within the western states, specifically Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington and Wyoming are presented. The western states possess 49% of the US reserve coal base, 67% of the total identified reserves and 82% of the hypothetical reserves. Western coal production has increased at an average annual rate of about 22% since 1970 and should become the major US coal supplier in the 1980's. The Colorado Plateau (in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah) and the Wyoming Basin areas account for 72% of the $15/lb U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ resources, 76$30/lb, and 75% of the $50/lb resources. It is apparent that the West will serve as the major supplier of domestic US coal and uranium fuels for at least the next several decades. Impacts considered are: environmental impacts, (land, water, air quality); health effects of coal and uranium mining, processing, and transportation; risks from transportation accidents; radiological impact of coal and uranium mining; social and economic impacts; and aesthetic impacts (land, air, noise, water, biota, and man-made objects). Economic benefits are discussed

Biomedical engineering support. Third quarterly report, February 16--May 15, 1974

During the quarter covered by this progress report (February 16 to May 14) a fit trial experiment was conducted to determine and evaluate the accommodation in a calf of the proposed Westinghouse blood pump drive train and electric motor configuration

Biomedical Engineering Support. Third Quarterly Progress Report, February 16, 1975-May 15, 1975

During the quarter covered by this progress report (February 16, 1975 to May 15, 1975), one implantation experiment was conducted to continue development of surgical procedures as well as to assess the overall performance and adequacy of the ERDA Blood Pump and ventricles

Biomedical Engineering Support. Quarterly Progress Report, November 16, 1974-February 15, 1975

During the quarter covered by this progress report (November 16, 1974, to February 15, 1975), two implantation experiments were conducted to further develop surgical procedures as well as to assess the overall performance and adequacy of the AEC Blood Pump and ventricles

Biomedical engineering support. Quarterly progress report

During the quarter covered by this progress report (July 15October 15, 1972), the power requirements of a bench test heart pump were determined. Cardiac output response, peak pusher cup forces, and power efficiencies were also determined. These measurements were made in vitro. Several geometries of connectors for the heart pump were evaluated for fit in dead calves to determine a practical configuration. Two models of the nuclear engine were implanted in calves to evaluate the chronic effects of engine weight and size. (auth

Laboratory measurements of radon diffusion through multilayered cover systems for uranium tailings

Laboratory measurements of radon fluxes and radon concentration profiles were conducted to characterize the effectiveness of multilayer cover systems for uranium tailings. The cover systems utilized soil and clay materials from proposed disposal sites for the Vitro, Durango, Shiprock, Grand Junction and Riverton tailings piles. Measured radon fluxes were in reasonable agreement with values predicted by multilayer diffusion theory. Results obtained by using air-filled porosities in the diffusion calculations were similar to those obtained by using total porosities. Measured diffusion coefficients were a better basis for predicting radon fluxes than were correlations of diffusion coefficient with moisture or with air porosity. Radon concentration profiles were also fitted by equations for multilayer diffusion in the air-filled space. Layer-order effects in the multilayer cover systems were examined and estimated to amount to 10 to 20 percent for the systems tested. Quality control measurements in support of the multilayer diffusion tests indicated that moisture absorption was not a significant problem in radon flux sampling with charcoal canisters, but that the geometry of the sampler was critical. The geometric design of flux-can samplers was also shown to be important. Enhanced radon diffusion along the walls of the test columns was examined and was found to be insignificant except when the columns had been physically disturbed. Additional moisture injected into two test columns decreased the radon flux, as expected, but appeared to migrate into surrounding materials or to be lost by evaporation. Control of moisture content and compaction in the test columns appeared to be the critical item affecting the accuracies of the experiments

Overview of JET results

Since the last IAEA conference, the scientific programme of JET has focused on the qualification of the integrated operating scenarios for ITER and on physics issues essential for the consolidation of design choices and the efficient exploitation of ITER. Particular attention has been given to the characterization of the edge plasma, pedestal energy and edge localized modes (ELMs), and their impact on plasma facing components (PFCs). Various ELM mitigation techniques have been assessed for all ITER operating scenarios using active methods such as resonant magnetic field perturbation, rapid variation of the radial field and pellet pacing. In particular, the amplitude and frequency of type I ELMs have been actively controlled over a wide parameter range (q95 = 3-4.8, βN ≥ 3.0) by adjusting the amplitude of the n = 1 external perturbation field induced by error field correction coils. The study of disruption induced heat loads on PFCs has taken advantage of a new wide-angle viewing infrared system and a fast bolometer to provide a detailed account of time, localization and form of the energy deposition. Specific ITER-relevant studies have used the unique JET capability of varying the toroidal field (TF) ripple from its normal low value δBT = 0.08% up to δBT = 1% to study the effect of TF ripple on high confinement-mode plasmas. The results suggest that δBT < 0.5% is required on ITER to maintain adequate confinement to allow QDT = 10 at full field. Physics issues of direct relevance to ITER include heat and toroidal momentum transport, with experiments using power modulation to decouple power input and torque to achieve first experimental evidence of inward momentum pinch in JET and determine the threshold for ion temperature gradient driven modes. Within the longer term JET programme in support of ITER, activities aiming at the modification of the JET first wall and divertor and the upgrade of the neutral beam and plasma control systems are being conducted. The procurement of all components will be completed by 2009 with the shutdown for the installation of the beryllium wall and tungsten divertor extending from summer 2009 to summer 2010